Imakethi yezithuthi zombane e-UK iyaqhubeka nokukhawulezisa – kwaye, nangona kukho ukunqongophala kweetships, ngokubanzi ayibonisi zimpawu zokurhoxa kwigiya:
IYurophu yadlula iTshayina yaba yimarike enkulu yeemoto zombane ngexesha lobhubhane - nto leyo eyenza unyaka ka-2020 waba ngunyaka orekhodiweyo weemoto zombane.
Enye inkampani enkulu yeemoto, iToyota, ibhengeze ukubao uza kuchitha i-$13.6 yeebhiliyoni kwiibhetri ze-EV ngo-2030, kwaye uza kwandisa ngakumbi uphuhliso lwakhe lweiimoto zombane ezisebenza ngebhetri.
Intengiso entsha ye-plug-in hybrid kunye nezithuthi ezigcweleyo zombane eGreat Britain ifikelele kwi-85% yentengiso yedizili ngoJuni 2021 kwaye ijongeka ngathi iza kuqala.ukuba i-ertake iphele ekupheleni konyaka.
Ezi zithuthi kufuneka zitshajwe ndaweni ithile – kwaye kulapho ungena khona, ngesisombululo sakho esitsha senkqubo yokutshaja ye-EV.
Xa ucwangcisa uphuhliso lwakho, kunokubonakala kulula ukutsalela kwiseti yezixhobo ezingabizi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, lumka – oku kunokukhokelela ekungathembekini, iindleko zazo eziya kudlula kakhulu nayiphi na imali eyongiweyo ekuqaleni ekwakheni. Ngokukodwa, umbane osemgangathweni olungileyo, izinto ezitshintshayo kunye neesokhethi zibalulekile ekudaleni i-EVSE ethembekileyo (Izixhobo zokubonelela ngezithuthi zombane).
Qhubeka ufunda njengoko sibonelela ngesishwankathelo samanyathelo abalulekileyo afunekayo ukuze kuphuhliswe ngempumelelo inkqubo yokutshaja ye-EV kunye nenethiwekhi. Kuyo yonke le khokelo, siza kugubungela uphuhliso lweetshaja ezikrelekrele. Isizathu soku singafumaneka apha.
Isikhokelo sakho esibalulekileyo kwiDesiukuqalisa inkqubo yokutshaja ye-EV
Isiqulatho:
Inyathelo 1. Kutheni Wena?
Inyathelo lesi-2: Luhlobo luni lwetshaja?
Inyathelo lesi-3: Ukukhetha ithagethi
Inyathelo lesi-4: Ukulawula ihlabathi
Inyathelo lesi-5: ibhayoloji yendawo yokutshaja
Inyathelo lesi-6: Isoftware yenkqubo yokutshaja ye-EV
Inyathelo lesi-7: Uthungelwano
Inyathelo lesi-8: Ukwenza okungakumbi
Isiphelo
Inyathelo 1: Kutheni wena?
Lo ngumbuzo wokuqala ekufuneka uzibuze wona ngokwembono yeshishini.
Amathuba awalinganiimpumelelo epheleleyo, kwaye imakethi yokutshaja ii-EV iya isiba nzima ngakumbi. Lo ngumbuzo abathengi abaza kuwubuza xa bevavanya imveliso yakho, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba isisombululo sakho sibe ne-USP - indawo yokuthengisa eyahlukileyo - kwaye sisombulula ingxaki.
Indawo yomnye umntu ongaphandleItshaja yebhokisi emhlophe ye-e-shelf inqongophele, kwaye iinkqubo zokutshaja ze-EV zilutyalo-mali olukhulu, ngoko ke indlela entsha ibalulekile.
Kwezinye iinkampani, umahluko uya kuba malunga nendlela yazo yokuya kwimarike kunemveliso ngokwayo.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Luhlobo luni lwetshaja?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zetshaja ye-EV:
indawo ekuyiwa kuyo – iitshaja ze-AC ezicothayo, ezisetyenziselwa ukutshaja ekhaya
endleleni – amandla aphezulu, iitshaja zeDC ezikhawulezayo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza
Ukuphuhlisa itshaja ye-AC kubiza kancinci kwaye kulula kakhulu. Kwakhona, uninzi lomsebenzi owubeka kwisisombululo se-AC luya kusebenza xa uphuhlisa isikhululo sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza se-DC.
Ukongeza, uninzi lweetshaja ze-EV ziza kuba yi-AC ekuhambeni kwexesha - ekupheleni kuka-2019, yi-11% kuphela yeetshaja zaseYurophu ezaziyi-DC. Nangona kunjalo, ukhuphiswano kwicandelo le-AC nalo lukhulu kakhulu.
Okokuqala, masithi ukhethe ukuphuhlisa itshaja oya kuyo. Ezi zinokufumaneka kwiindlela zokuqhuba zokutshaja ekhaya, kwiiofisi, kwiindawo zokupaka iimoto ezihlala ixesha elide nakwezinye iindawo apho izithuthi ziya kushiywa ixesha elingaphezu kweeyure ezimbini.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Ukukhetha ithagethi
Uninzi lwehlabathi leziseko zophuhliso ze-EV lubandakanyeka 'kumdyarho onzima', luzama ukwenza konke okusemandleni alo ukufikelela kwimarike enkulu yasekhaya.
Ukuthenga imoto yombane – nokuba yi-plug-in hybrid (PHEV) okanye i-battery electric vehicle (BEV) – lutyalo-mali olukhulu kuye nabani na.
Itshaja esetyenziswa kwisithuthi, nangona ingeloxabiso lingalindelekanga, ibonwa njengento 'ekufuneka ibe nayo' engathandekiyo. Ngenxa yesi simo sengqondo, kunye neetshaja ezininzi ezithengiswa ngabakhi bezindlu okanye abafakeli, abathengi banokukhetha eyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu.
Elinye icala lemarike lijoliswe kubathengi bezorhwebo kunye neenqanawa.
Iikhontrakthi ezinexabiso eliphezulu ziza nogxininiso olukhulu kwixesha elide kunye nomgangatho. Ezi zisombululo zorhwebo, ingakumbi ezo zokuhlawulisa uluntu, zikwafuna iimvume kunye nokuqokelelwa kwengeniso, ezifuna ngokubanzi isoftware ye-OCPP [Open Charge Point Protocol] kunye nesibonelelo se-RFID.
Iitshaja zorhwebo nazo kulindeleke ukuba zibe namandla ngakumbi kuneetshaja zasekhaya.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ishishini lakho linokubonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa akuyonto incinci ukuphuhlisa inkqubo yokutshaja ye-EV epheleleyo.
Iindlela zoThengiso kunye nendlela eya kwiMarike
Ukuqala ngemarike enye ekujoliswe kuyo kuya kuphucula amathuba akho okuphumelela.
Imarike yeetshaja ze-EV ikhuphisana kakhulu, ngoko ke udinga itshaneli yokuthengisa emarikeni apho unokubonelela khona ngenzuzo ngaphezu kwabakhuphisana nabo.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Ukulawula ihlabathi…
...Okanye hayi. Uninzi lwenu oluphanda umzamo wokutshaja i-EV luza kusetyenziswa ukuvavanya ukuthobela imithetho, mhlawumbi kwiindawo ezininzi.
Ngelishwa, ngamanqaku okutshaja kwe-EV ixesha kunye neendleko zinkulu kuneemveliso ze-elektroniki eziqhelekileyo. Imigangatho ye-EVSE, ukongeza ekuthobeleni imithetho eqhelekileyo, iyahluka ngokwamazwe, kwanangaphakathi kwiibhloko zorhwebo ezifana ne-EU. Njengeshishini, ukuchonga imimandla ojolise kuyo kunye nemithetho enxulumene nayo kwasekuqaleni kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukongeza kwimigangatho yetshaja ye-EVSE, amazwe anemithetho yawo yocingo echaza indlela izixhobo eziphambili eziqhagamshelwe ngayo kwigridi. E-UK le yi-BS7671.
Le mithetho ichaphazela ngqo uyilo lwetshaja.
Ukhuseleko oluPhantsi oluphukileyo
Njengenkampani yase-UK, omnye ummiselo esinawo ophathelele eli lizwe yi-Broken Neutral Protection. Lo ngumba ophikisana kakhulu kwimarike yokutshaja yase-UK ngenxa yemigangatho yocingo lwase-UK kunye neengxaki zobugcisa ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwee-Earth rods.
Ukuba ishishini lakho liceba ukuthengisa kwimarike yase-UK, kuya kufuneka loyiswe olu celomngeni loyilo.
Isishwankathelo esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka seNkqubo yokutshaja ye-EV
Inyathelo lesi-5: Ibhayoloji yendawo yokutshaja
Kukho amacandelo amathathu abonakalayo kuyilo lwetshaja ye-EV: i-casing, iintambo kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki.
Xa uyila ezi zinto, khumbula ukuba ezi ziza kuba ziziseko ezibizayo, kwaye kufuneka zihlale ixesha elide.
Abathengi, nokuba ngamashishini okanye ngabantu ngabanye, baya kulindela ukuba iitshaja ze-EV zihlale iminyaka, zingalungiswa kakhulu.
Ukuthembeka kubalulekile.
Ibhokisi
Uyilo lwendawo ebiyelweyo ludibaniso lobuhle, amaxabiso kunye nezigqibo ezisebenzayo.
Ubukhulu buyahluka kakhulu ngokwenani leesokhethi kunye namandla etshaja. Ezinye izinto ekufuneka zenziwe, kunye nezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, ziquka:
Ngaba iya kuba yibhokisi eludongeni, iyunithi yokuma okanye into eyahlukileyo?
Indlela ebonwa ngayo itshaja ibalulekile, ngaba kufuneka ingabonakali okanye ibonakale?
Ngaba kufuneka ibe bubungqina bokubhujiswa?
Ubungakanani? Kukho ukhuphiswano lwemarike lokwenza itshaja encinci, umzekelo.
Uvavanyo lwe-IP – ukungena kwamanzi kunokutshabalalisa itshaja.
Ubuhle – ukusuka kwixabiso eliphantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuya kwixabiso eliphantsi (umz., umthi)
Ifakwe njani ityesi?
Ngaba ukufakelwa kuya kuba ngamanqanaba amabini umz., isibiyeli sodonga esilungisiweyo ngumakhi wendlu iinyanga ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe itshaja yokwenyani? Oku kwenzelwa ukunciphisa umonakalo kunye nobusela kunye neendleko zomakhi wendlu.
Isibambi sentambo: inani elikhulu leempazamo zokutshaja ezibotshelelweyo zibangelwa ziiplagi zokutshaja ezonakeleyo okanye ezimanzi ezivela kwizibambi zentambo ezingafakwanga kakuhle.
Njengemveliso yangaphandle, ityesi iya kufuna umlinganiselo we-IP ngokucacileyo, kwaye kuya kufuneka indawo yeentambo ezinkulu.
Iintambo zekhebula
Ngaphandle kokuthwala imitha ephezulu phakathi kwesithuthi kunye netshaja, intambo yokutshaja ikwajongana nonxibelelwano phakathi kwezi zimbini.
Okwangoku kukho imigangatho esibhozo eyahlukeneyo yokuxhuma esetyenziswayo, kwi-AC nakwi-DC - eyahluka ukusuka kuphawu ukuya kuphawu nakwingingqi ukuya kwindawo.
Imigangatho yexesha elizayo ayikacaci, ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba uphanda kungekuphela nje umgangatho wangoku, kodwa nokuba umgangatho unokuba yintoni kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo xa ukhetha into oza kuyixhasa.
Iitshaja zingenziwa ngeentambo ezibotshelelweyo okanye ezingabotshelelwayo. Eyokuqala ilula ngakumbi ngokubanzi, nangona kunjalo itshixa itshaja kuhlobo oluthile lwesixhumi. Iinketho ezingabotshelelwayo ziguquguquka ngakumbi, nto leyo evumela umsebenzisi ukuba abe nentambo ehambelana nemoto yakhe, nangona kunjalo, oku kufuna indlela yokutshixa.
Ukongeza kwiintambo zangaphandle, kuya kubakho iintambo zangaphakathi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe kuyilo loomatshini, njengoko iimfuno zamandla zithetha ukuba zinokuba nkulu.
Izixhobo zombane
Ngokusisiseko, itshaja ye-AC ngokuyintloko sisitshixo samandla esinonxibelelwano phakathi kwesithuthi kunye netshaja. Injongo yayo ephambili kukhuseleko lombane, kunye nokukwazi ukunciphisa amandla asetyenziswa sisithuthi.
Inkcazo elula kakhulu ye-EVSE - njengoko iyaziwa - inokufumaneka kwi-OpenEVSE. Ibhodi ye-EEL yeVersinetic yindlela yorhwebo endaweni yoku.
Elinye icandelo elibalulekileyo elifunekayo kwindawo yokutshaja ehlakaniphileyo ye-AC sisilawuli sonxibelelwano, esihlala sifumaneka njengeekhompyutha zebhodi enye. Ibhodi yeVersinetic yeMantaRay ngumzekelo woku. Emva koko ungagqiba inkqubo yokutshaja ngee-contactors kunye nee-RCD (ukuvuza kwe-AC kunye ne-DC) ukuze ukhuseleke.
Iitshaja ezikrelekrele zongeza unxibelelwano kwitshaja ukuvumela itshaja ukuba ijoyine inethiwekhi elawulwa lilifu.
Unxibelelwano olukhethiweyo luxhomekeke kakhulu kwindawo yokugqibela yetshaja. Abanye abaphuhlisi bakhetha i-Wi-Fi okanye i-GSM, ngelixa kwiimeko ezithile, imigangatho yentambo efana ne-RS485 okanye i-Ethernet inokuba yeyona ingcono.
Kunokubakho iibhodi ezongezelelweyo zokulawula iziboniso, iimvume kunye nokunye, kuxhomekeke ekubeni inkqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani na.
Oku kubalulekile xa ucwangcisa izixhobo zakho ze-elektroniki zokutshaja i-EV.
Isokhethi, iirelayini kunye neecontactor ziya kushushu xa zitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo. Oku kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kuyilo lwemizi-mveliso njengoko ukufudumeza kunganciphisa ubomi bezinto. Isokhethi esengozini ngakumbi njengoko inokuvezwa kwizinto kunye nemijikelo yokudibana iya kubangela ukuguguleka.
Imiba yokusingqongileyo - uluhlu olubanzi lokusebenza kobushushu
Ngaba i-EVSE yakho iza kuyilwa ukuba isetyenziswe kubushushu obuphezulu? Izixhobo zomgangatho wobushushu bezorhwebo zilinganiswe ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-70 C, ngelixa umlinganiselo wobushushu bemizi-mveliso uphakathi kwe--40 ukuya kwi-+85.
Cinga oku kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka ekuphuhlisweni kwakho.
Inyathelo lesi-6: Isoftware yenkqubo yokutshaja ye-EV
Ibhloko yophuhliso lwesoftware ifuna ukuthobela imigangatho emininzi, kwaye inokuba lelona candelo lithatha ixesha elininzi kwiprojekthi.
Imakethi yezithuthi zombane isentsha, xa sithetha ngokuthelekiswa, ngoko ke imigangatho nemigaqo emininzi isatshintsha kwaye ihlaziywa. Inkqubo yakho yokutshaja kufuneka ibe nenkqubo yokubonelela ngohlaziyo ethembekileyo ukuze ijongane nayo, njengoko kungenakwenzeka ukuqikelela zonke iinguqu eziza kwenzeka.
Ukuba uceba inethiwekhi yayo nayiphi na inqanaba, ngokuqinisekileyo oku kuya kufuneka kwenziwe kusetyenziswa i-OTA (uhlaziyo oluqhutywa emoyeni). Oku kuza nemingeni yokhuseleko eyongezelelweyo - inkxalabo ekhulayo malunga noyilo lwenkqubo yokutshaja ye-EV.
Iibhloko zesoftware yetshaja ye-EV
I-Firmware
Isoftware efakwe ngaphakathi elawula oomatshini bakarhulumente abavula nabacima itshaja.
I-IEC 61851
Eyona ndlela ilula yonxibelelwano esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokutshaja ze-AC zohlobo loku-1 nolwesi-2 phakathi kwetshaja nesithuthi. Ulwazi olutshintshiselwana apha luquka xa itshaja iqala, ima kunye nombane otsalwa yimoto.
I-OCPP
Lo ngumgangatho wehlabathi jikelele wokunxibelelana ngetshaja ne-back office, owenziwe yi-Open Charge Alliance (OCA). Uhlelo lwamva nje yi-2.0.1, kodwa ukutshaja okusisiseko okukrelekrele kunokufezekiswa nge-OCPP 1.6.
Uvavanyo lwe-OCPP lunokwenziwa njengenkonzo yi-OCA okanye kwi-OCA Plugfests, ezenzeka amaxesha ama-2-3 ngonyaka, kwaye zikuvumela ukuba uvavanye inkqubo yakho ngokuchasene nababoneleli be-back-office kunye nomgangatho we-OCPP.
Inkcazo ye-OCPP ineempawu ezifunekayo nezingenamsebenzi, ukusuka kulawulo olusisiseko lwetshaja ukuya kukhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokubhukisha. Kuya kufuneka ukhethe inqanaba le-OCPP olifunayo, kunye neendawo zemigangatho ekufuneka uzixhase kwisicelo sakho.
Ujongano lwewebhu kunye ne-app
Uqwalaselo lwetshaja kunye nobhaliso lokuqala kuya kufuneka lwenziwe lula, kumphathi wenethiwekhi kunye nomfaki. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku, kodwa ujongano lwewebhu okanye usetyenziso luqhelekile.
IiSIM ezixhasayo
Ukuba usebenzisa imodyuli ye-GSM, kufuneka uqwalasele indawo yokuthengiswa kwemveliso njengoko imigangatho ye-GSM yahlukile phakathi kwamazwekazi kwaye okwangoku itshintsha njengoko imigangatho emidala icinyiwe (umz., i-3G) ukuze kusetyenziswe emitsha - efana ne-LTE-CATM.
Iikhontrakthi ze-SIM nazo kufuneka zilawulwe ukuze iindleko zazo zigutyungelwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umthengi. Kwakhona, kwiikhontrakthi ze-SIM, kuya kufuneka uqwalasele indawo.
Ukubonelela ngetshaja yakho
Ukusasazwa kwetshaja yinxalenye enkulu yomzamo wesoftware, ingakumbi ukuba itshaja ayixhasi uqhagamshelo lwe-GSM ngoko ke kufuneka iqhagamshele kwinethiwekhi yendawo. Indlela oku kwenziwa ngayo inokwenza umahluko omkhulu kumava abathengi.
Qaphela ukuba umthengi unokuba ngumthengi wokugqibela okanye umfaki ochwephesha, kuxhomekeke kwimarike ekujoliswe kuyo. Kwimarike yabathengi, itshaja kufuneka ibe lula ukuyincamathisela kwinethiwekhi yonxibelelwano kwaye ijonge, umz., kwi-app.
Ukhuseleko - uceba amanqanaba angakanani kwitshaja yakho?
Ukhuseleko luyinto eshushu emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-IoT ransomware kwaye kukho isizathu sokucinga ukuba iinethiwekhi zokutshaja ziya kuba lixhoba lokuhlaselwa okufanayo kwixesha elizayo ngenxa yomonakalo onokuthi wenziwe luhlaselo olunjalo. Umgangatho uya kwahluka ngokwendawo yofakelo.
Inyathelo 6: Isoftware
Phantse zonke iitshaja ezikrelekrele zikhona njengenxalenye yenethiwekhi. Imizekelo embalwa ibandakanya i-Ecotricity kunye ne-BP Pulse. Ezi tshaja zonke ziqhagamshelwe kwiNkqubo yoLawulo lweSitishi sokuTshaja (i-CSMS), okanye kwi-ofisi engasemva.
Njengomvelisi wokutshaja, ungakhetha ukuphuhlisa isisombululo sakho esingasemva kweofisi, okanye uhlawule umrhumo welayisenisi yesisombululo somntu wesithathu. I-Versinetic isebenzisana ne-Saascharge; eminye imizekelo ibandakanya i-Allego kunye ne-has.to.be.
I-CSMS ivumela:
Ukuthengiswa kwee-charge points
Ukulinganisela umthwalo kwiitshaja ezikufutshane
Ulawulo olukude lweetshaja, kusetyenziswa i-app umzekelo
Ukusebenzisana phakathi kweenethiwekhi
Ukubeka esweni imeko yokugcinwa
Kukho ezinye iindlela – ezifana neenethiwekhi ezilawulwayo ekuhlaleni – ezinokuthi zilungele ukutshaja iinqanawa zabucala, umzekelo.
Ezinye iimeko apho ulawulo lwengingqi lunokuba luncedo ziquka iindawo ezinesiginali embi, kunye neenethiwekhi apho ukulinganisela umthwalo ngokukhawuleza kuyinto ephambili - umzekelo, apho umbane ungathembekanga.
Ngaphakathi kwimeko yehardware yethu, umlawuli wonxibelelwano kusenokwenzeka ukuba une-OCPP edibeneyo, kwaye kamva xa sihlola i-DC charging, i-ISO 15118 nayo. Ke ngoko, imfuneko ephambili yehardware kwibhodi yonxibelelwano yi-microcontroller ekwaziyo ukuphatha i-OCPP kunye nezinye iilayibrari zesoftware.
Inyathelo lesi-8: Ukwenza okungakumbi
Ubuchwepheshe obongezelelweyo onokubongeza kwisisombululo sakho sokutshaja.
Lixesha nje
Uninzi lweendawo zokutshaja ngoku zisebenzisa amandla esigaba esinye ukutshaja; nangona kunjalo, ezinye iinkqubo zokutshaja zisebenzisa amandla esigaba esi-3 ukunyusa amazinga okutshaja. Umzekelo, iRenault Zoe inokutshaja kwi-22kW endaweni ye-7.4kW xa usebenzisa i-3-phase.
Iingcali
Oku kutshaja kuyakhawuleza ngokucacileyo kwaye kunokufezekiswa kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji ye-AC, ethi kwezinye iimeko iya kuyiphelisa imfuneko yeetshaja ze-DC.
Iingxaki
Ubonelelo lwamandla kunye nolawulo lwegridi yingxaki enkulu: uninzi lwezindlu zasekhaya azinawo amandla ezigaba ezi-3 okanye i-bandwidth yale nqanaba lokutshaja. Iicontactors kunye neerelay zezigaba ezi-3 nazo kuya kufuneka zidityaniswe kuyilo lolawulo lokutshaja.
Ziimoto ezithile kuphela ezixhasa ukutshaja kwezigaba ezi-3 okwangoku, kodwa oku kuza kuphucuka njengoko kukhutshwa ezinye iimodeli zezithuthi zombane.
Xa amandla amakhulu eza noxanduva olukhulu; kukho imithetho eyongezelelweyo malunga nendlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo ezi zigaba, umzekelo, apho ukujikeleza kwezigaba kuyimfuneko eNorway. Njengakuzo zonke iindlela zokuthobela imithetho, le mithetho iyahluka ngokwengingqi.
Imguno yesantya
Lixesha lokuba sithethe nendlovu esegumbini… size sithethe ngeDC.
Ngaphakathi kwindawo yokutshaja ye-DC, kuyafana kakhulu nomlingani wayo we-AC; nangona kunjalo, i-voltage kunye nomsinga ziphezulu, ziqala malunga ne-50kW.
Xa itshaja nge-AC charge point, i-charge controller idla ngokuqhagamshelana ne-inverter efumaneka kwisithuthi eguqula amandla e-AC abe ngamandla e-DC ukuze itshaje ibhetri ye-EV. Le inverter inokulawula kuphela amandla amaninzi, yiyo loo nto i-AC icotha kunokutshaja kwe-DC.
Ngeetshaja zeDC, le inverter ikwitshaja endaweni yoko, ikhuphela inxalenye ebiza kakhulu nenzima yeseti yetshaja iyonke, kwindlela yokuhamba.
Imigangatho yonxibelelwano nayo yahlukile.
Iintlobo zoQhagamshelo
Ngendlela efanayo neenkqubo zokutshaja ze-AC ezinohlobo 1 J1772, Uhlobo 2 nangaphezulu, iinkqubo zokutshaja ze-DC zinayoI-CHAdeMO, iCCS kunye neTesla.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje siboneI-CHAdeMOukuhla kwakhethwa i-CCS, ngoku eyamkelwe ngabaninzi abenzi beemoto baseNtshona. Nangona kunjalo,I-CHAdeMOngoku yenze umanyano neTshayina, eyona marike inkulu yeemoto zombane emhlabeni, kwaye uMzantsi Korea ubonakala unomdla wokujoyina.
Oku kukusebenzisana ekuphuhliseniI-CHAdeMO3.0 kunye neChaoJi entsha esemgangathweni yaseTshayina, enokukwazi ukutshaja ngamandla angaphezu kwama-500kW, kwaye ihambelana ngasemva nemigangatho ye-CHAdeMO, CCS, kunye ne-GB/T.
I-CHAdeMOikwangumgangatho wokutshaja we-DC kuphela ofake amandla okuhamba kwamandla ahamba kwicala ngalinye kwi-V2G (iMoto ukuya kwiGrid). Kwaye e-UK, i-V2G isenokuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ngenxa yomdla ohlaziyiweyo yi-Ofgem, umlawuli wamandla wase-UK.
Njengomphuhlisi wetshaja ye-EV, oku kwenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukugqiba ukuba zeziphi iindlela zokuxhasa.
II-CHAdeMOIprotocol inxibelelana nge-CAN interface nesithuthi ukulawula ukhuseleko kunye nokudlulisa iiparameter zebhetri.
Isixhumi seCCS senziwe sisixhumi sohlobo 1 okanye 2 esinonxibelelwano olongezelelweyo lweDC ngaphantsi. Ke ngoko, unxibelelwano olusisiseko lusenziwa ngokwe-IEC 61851. Unxibelelwano oluphezulu lwenziwa kusetyenziswa unxibelelwano olongezelelweyo, kusetyenziswa i-DIN SPEC 70121 kunye ne-ISO/IEC 15118. I-ISO 15118 ivumela ukutshaja 'kweplagi kunye nokudlala', apho ukugunyaziswa kunye nentlawulo kugqitywa ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle kokunxibelelana komqhubi.
Ezi zibhloko zesoftware ezibalulekileyo eziza kunye ne-OCPP kunye ne-IEC 16851 ezichaphazela umsebenzi wophuhliso olongezelelweyo lweetshaja ze-DC, kwaye oku, kudibene nomthamo ophantsi wentengiso kunye neendleko eziphezulu ze-BOM kubonakala kwixabiso lokuthengisa, elinokufikelela kwi-£30,000, endaweni ye-£500 kwitshaja ye-AC.
Ezihlaziyiweyo yonke indlela
Kwixesha elizayo elingekude kakhulu, uninzi lwehlabathi luya kuxhaswa yimithombo evuselelekayo.
Ngokukodwa, ezinye iinethiwekhi zokutshaja ze-EV ngoku zinika amandla izisombululo zazo zisebenzisa i-Solar PV. Oku kuya kwandisa imarike yakho enokubakho ukuba isisombululo sakho silungiselelwe ukusebenzisa amandla elanga kunye neminye imithombo evuselelekayo. Oku kuya kufuna, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba ne-algorithms enamandla yokulinganisela umthwalo ukuze kujongwe uhlobo lwamandla elanga oluhlala luhleli.
Ukusebenzisa amandla endawo
Okudibene nokubonelela ngelanga kukwazi ukuba iitshaja ze-EV zisebenze ngokusebenzisa amandla aveliswa kwindawo, elangeni okanye ngenye indlela. Indawo yokutshaja ingayilwa ukuze ikwazi ukubona imithombo yamandla eyahlukeneyo kwaye ilinganise enye kwenye ukuze kuphuculwe iindleko kunye nokuthembeka.
Isiphelo
Ngenxa yokwanda kwamanyathelo okulwa notshintsho lwemozulu kwihlabathi liphela, kuyacaca ukuba izithuthi zombane kunye neenkqubo zothutho eziluhlaza zizinto ezizayo.
Nangona kunjalo, uchulumanco ngethuba elinikwa yimarike ye-e-mobility eguqukayo nehamba ngokukhawuleza kufuneka luthatyathwe ngendlela ecokisekileyo necwangcisiweyo yokucwangcisa, ukuphuhlisa kunye nokuhambisa isisombululo sakho sokutshaja se-EV.
Siyathemba ukuba esi sikhokelo siya kukunceda ekukunikeni ulwazi ngezinye zeengxaki zokwenza i-EVSE yakho.
Nokuba usebenza neqela lakho lophuhliso okanye ingcali yoyilo lokutshaja kwe-EV efana neVersinetic, ukuba ne-USP ecacileyo kunye nemarike ekujoliswe kuyo, kunye nokuba qwalaselo kwiprojekthi yakho kunye nolawulo lwemveliso, kuya kukunika isiseko esihle sendlela ephumelelayo yokufikelela kwimarike.
Ngaba ufuna isoftware yenkqubo yokutshaja ye-EV, i-hardware, ingcebiso, okanye ukuphuculwa koyilo?
Ukusebenzisa iProtokholi ye-OCPP kwiZiseko zakho zokuTshaja ze-EV!
Ukuba ungumenzi wetshaja ye-EV okanye ishishini elifuna ukusebenzisa iprotocol ye-OCPP kwisiseko sakho sokutshaja, funda eli nqaku ukuze ufumane isikhokelo kwizinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele.
I-Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) ngumgangatho weprotocol yonxibelelwano owaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela kwaye wamkelwe ngokubanzi ochaza unxibelelwano phakathi kweZixhobo zoNikezelo lweZithuthi zoMbane (EVSE) kunye neNkqubo yoLawulo lweSitishi sokuTshaja (CSMS).
Kule nqaku, siza kuhlola iindlela ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa i-OCPP kwiziseko zakho zokutshaja ze-EV kunye nendlela yokoyisa imingeni enokubakho.
Isiqulatho
Iingenelo zokusebenzisa iProtokholi ye-OCPP kwiZiseko zakho zokuTshaja ze-EV
Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuphumeza i-OCPP
Ukoyisa Imingeni
Izinto onokuzithatha
Ngaba ufuna inkxaso yobugcisa ekusebenziseni i-OCPP yakho?
Iingenelo zokusebenzisa iProtokholi ye-OCPP kwiZiseko zakho zokuTshaja ze-EV
I-OCPP ineenzuzo ezininzi kwinkqubo yakho yokutshaja ye-EV, kuquka:
Ukusebenzisana kunye nokuhambelana: I-OCPP iqinisekisa ukusebenzisana kunye nokuhambelana phakathi kwe-EVSE kunye ne-CSMS ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abasebenzisi be-EV bakhululekile ukuhamba phakathi kwabaqhubi bee-charge point ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokutshintsha iitshaja zabo.
Unxibelelwano Olukhuselekileyo Nolufihliweyo: I-OCPP ivumela unxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo nolufihliweyo phakathi kwe-EVSE kunye ne-CSMS, iqinisekisa ukuba unxibelelwano aluthintelwa okanye aluguqulwa ngamaqela angagunyaziswanga.
Ukubeka iliso noLawulo kude: I-OCPP iququzelela ukubeka iliso nolawulo lwezikhululo zokutshaja kude, ivumela abaqhubi beendawo zokutshaja ukuba balawule kwaye babeke iliso kwiziseko zabo zokutshaja bekwindawo ephakathi.
Utshintshiselwano lweDatha kunye nokuBeka esweni ngexesha langempela: I-OCPP ivumela ukutshintshiselana kwedatha ngexesha langempela kunye nokubeka esweni inkqubo yokutshaja, ivumela abaSebenzisi beNkqubo yoSasazo (ii-DSO) ukuba balandelele ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokulinganisela igridi kwindawo yasekuhlaleni ngokulungelelanisa iziphumo zetshaja ngamaxesha axakekileyo.
Ukoyisa Imingeni
Nangona ukusebenzisa i-OCPP protocol kunika iingenelo ezininzi, kunokubakho nemingeni ethile. Ezinye zeengxaki eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
Iingxaki Zokuhambelana Kwesixhobo: Enye yeengxaki eziphambili xa kusenziwa i-OCPP kukuhambelana kwesixhobo. Ayizizo zonke izixhobo ze-EVSE kunye ne-CSMS eziyi-100%Ithobela i-OCPP, kwaye oku kunokubangela iingxaki kwintsimi.
Iingxaki zeSoftware: Nokuba zikhonaIthobela i-OCPPKwizixhobo, kunokubakho iingxaki zesoftware okanye imiba enokuchaphazela i-EVSE okanye i-CSMS, iphazamisane nonxibelelwano okanye ulawulo.
Iingxaki zoQwalaselo: I-OCPP yiprotokholi entsonkothileyo efuna uqwalaselo olufanelekileyo ukuze isebenze ngokuchanekileyo. Iingxaki zinokuvela ukuba izixhobo azilungiselelwanga kakuhle okanye ukuba kukho uqwalaselo olungalunganga ekusetyenzisweni kwe-OCPP.
Ngokubambisana nenkampani efana neVersinetic, ungoyisa le mingeni kwaye uqiniseke ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwe-OCPP yakho kukhuselekile, kusebenza kakuhle, kwaye kuhlaziyiwe.
Iqela leenjineli ezinamava kunye neengcali zobugcisa zeVersinetic linokukunceda uyile, uphumeze, kwaye ugcineIthobela i-OCPPIziseko zokutshaja ze-EV ezihlangabezana neemfuno zakho nezidlula ulindelo lwakho.
Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuphumeza i-OCPP
Xa usebenzisa i-OCPP kwisiseko sakho sokutshaja se-EV, landela la manyathelo angcono okuziqhelanisa:
KhethaI-OCPP-IyahambelanaIi-EVSE: Xa ukhetha ii-EVSE (Izixhobo zoMbane zoKubonelela ngeeMoto), kubalulekile ukukhetha izixhobo ezihambelana ne-OCPP 1.6J ubuncinane kunye nenkxaso yeprofayili yokhuseleko 2 okanye 3 ukuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokhuseleko elinikezelwa ngumgangatho.
Iinketho Zesiko ze-EVSE: I-OCPP ivumela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kolawulo kunye nokuxilongwa okuvumelekileyo. Kungcono ukukhetha i-EVSE enomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wezicwangciso kunye neengxelo ukuxhasa ukuxilongwa okukude kunye nolawulo lweendawo zakho zokufakela.
Jonga imithetho yokutshaja yelizwe lakho: Kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba i-EVSE iyahlangabezana nayo nayiphi na imithetho nemigaqo ethile yelizwe eza kusebenza kulo. Umzekelo, i-UK inemithetho yokutshaja ekrelekrele efuna ukuba kubekho iimpawu ezithile kwitshaja, njengokulibaziseka okungacwangciswanga ukuqala itshaja. Ukuba i-EVSE ayixhasi iimpawu ezithile zelizwe elithile, itshaja ayithobeli.
Khetha i-CSMS ehambelanayo: Ngoku kukho inani lee-CSMS zorhwebo ezikhoyo ezixhasa i-OCPP 1.6J kunye nokhuseleko oluvuliweyo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kugubungela kuphela unxibelelwano, kwaye i-CSMS kufuneka igubungele ezinye iinkalo ezininzi zokusebenzisa nokulawula inethiwekhi yeetshaja (umz., ukuhlawulisa). Ke ngoko, qiniseka ukuba ukhetha ngononophelo i-CSMS ehlangabezana neemfuno zakho ezithile.
Uvavanyo lokusebenzisana: Xa zombini i-CSMS kunye ne-EVSE zikhethiwe, uvavanyo lokusebenzisana lunokuqala, kwaye i-EVSE idlula kwinkqubo "yokungena" kwi-CSMS, eya kuvavanya iinkalo zetshaja isebenzisa i-OCPP. Kukho izixhobo ezizimeleyo ezikhoyo ukunceda ukuchonga iingxaki ukuba zivela.
Ukubeka iliso nokugcinwa kwesakhiwo: Nje ukuba isiseko sakho se-OCPP sisebenze, kubalulekile ukusibeka iliso nokugcinwa kwaso ukuqinisekisa ukuba sisebenza kakuhle. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlaziywa kuya kunika isiseko sakho ithuba elihle lokuhlala sikhuselekile kwaye sisebenza kakuhle.
Izinto onokuzithatha
Iprotokholi ye-OCPP yiprotokholi yonxibelelwano eyaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela esetyenziswa kwishishini lokutshaja ii-EV.
Ukusebenzisa i-OCPP kuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana kunye nokuhambelana phakathi kwe-EVSE kunye ne-CSMS ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo, okuvumela ukutshintshiselana kwedatha okukhuselekileyo nokufanelekileyo kunye nokubeka iliso kwinkqubo yokutshaja.
Iindlela ezilungileyo zokusebenzisa i-OCPP ziquka ukukhethaIthobela i-OCPPIi-EVSE, ukukhetha i-CSMS ehambelanayo, ukufaka nokumisela i-OCPP, ukuvavanya nokuqinisekisa, kunye nokubeka esweni nokugcinwa.
Imingeni ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ibandakanya imiba yokuhambelana kwezixhobo, iimpazamo zesoftware, kunye nemiba yoqwalaselo.
Ngaba ufuna inkxaso yobugcisa ekusebenziseni i-OCPP yakho?
Ukuba ungumenzi wetshaja ye-EV ofuna ukusebenzisa i-OCPP kwisiseko sakho sokutshaja, nxibelelana neqela leVersinetic.
Iinjineli zethu ezinamava kunye neengcali zobugcisa zinokukunceda uyile, uphumeze, kwaye ugcineIthobela i-OCPPIsiseko sokutshaja se-EV esihlangabezana neemfuno zakho.
Vumela iVersinetic ikuncede wakhe ikamva elizinzileyo ngeziseko zokutshaja ze-EV ezikhuselekileyo, ezisebenzayo, nezisebenzayoIthobela i-OCPP.
ISichuan Green Science & Technology Co., Ltd.
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Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-03-2024
