Emva nje koNyaka oMtsha kuNyaka weDragon, iinkampani zezithuthi zasekhaya ezintsha zamandla sele "ziphazamisekile."
Okokuqala, i-BYD inyuse ixabiso lemodeli ye-Qin PLUS/Destroyer 05 Honor Edition ukuya kwi-79,800 yuan; emva koko, iWuling, iChangan kunye nezinye iinkampani zeemoto nazo zilandele umzekelo, ozele yimingeni. Ukongeza ekunciphiseni amaxabiso, i-BYD, i-Xpeng kunye nezinye iinkampani zeemoto ezintsha zamandla nazo zityala imali kwiimarike zaphesheya. Ngokusekwe kwiimarike ezifana neYurophu kunye neMbindi Mpuma, ziya kugxila ekuhloleni iimarike ezifana neMntla Melika kunye neLatin America kulo nyaka. Ukwandiswa kwamandla amatsha elwandle kube ngumkhwa okhula ngokukhawuleza.
Phantsi kokhuphiswano oluqatha kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imakethi yehlabathi yezithuthi zamandla amatsha ifikelele kwinqanaba lokukhula eliqhutywa yimarike ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala eliqhutywa yimigaqo-nkqubo.
Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla (ii-EV), imakethi yokutshaja egxile kumhlaba wayo wezoshishino nayo ivule amathuba amatsha.
Okwangoku, izinto ezintathu eziphambili ezichaphazela ukuthandwa kwee-EV zezi: iindleko ezipheleleyo zobunini (TCO), uhambo lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye namava okutshaja. Eli shishini likholelwa ukuba ixabiso lemoto yombane edumileyo limalunga ne-US$36,000, umgca weemayile ziimayile ezingama-291, kwaye umda ophezulu wexesha lokutshaja sisiqingatha seyure.
Ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji kunye nokuhla kweendleko zebhetri, iindleko zobunini zizonke kunye noluhlu lokuhamba ngenqwelo moya lweemoto ezintsha ze-EV zombini ziye zehla. Okwangoku, ixabiso lokuthengisa lee-BEV eMelika liphezulu nge-7% kuphela kunexabiso eliphakathi lokuthengisa leemoto. Ngokwedatha evela kwi-EVadoption, inkampani yophando ngezithuthi zombane, umkhwa ophakathi weemayile ze-BEV (izithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo) ezithengiswayo eMelika ufikelele kwiimayile ezingama-302 ngo-2023.
Eyona nto ithintela ukuthandwa kwee-EVs ngumsantsa kwimarike yokutshaja.
Ukungqubana kwenani elaneleyo leenqwaba zokutshaja, umlinganiselo ophantsi wokutshaja ngokukhawuleza phakathi kweenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke, amava amabi okutshaja kubasebenzisi, kunye neziseko zokutshaja ezingahambelani nophuhliso lwee-EV ziya zisanda. Ngokutsho kophando lukaMcKinsey, “iinqwaba zokutshaja zithandwa njengezikhululo zepetroli” ziye zaba yinto ephambili kubathengi yokuqwalasela ukuthenga ii-EV.
I-10:1 yeyona nto iphambili eyamiselwa yi-European Union ngo-2030 malunga nomlinganiselo we-EV vehicle-to-pile. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kweNetherlands, uMzantsi Korea kunye neTshayina, umlinganiselo we-vehicle-to-pile kwezinye iimarike ezinkulu ze-EV kwihlabathi liphela uphezulu kuneli xabiso, kwaye ude unyuke unyaka nonyaka. Ngokwedatha evela kwi-International Energy Agency, umlinganiselo we-vehicle-to-pile kwiimarike ezimbini ezinkulu ze-EV zase-United States nase-Australia kulindeleke ukuba uqhubeke nokunyuka.
Ukongeza, ingxelo ibonisa ukuba nangona inani lilonke leenqwaba zokutshaja eNetherlands naseMzantsi Korea liqhubekile nokukhula ngokuhambelana nee-EV, ziye zancama umlinganiselo wokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo eya kukhokelela kwisikhewu sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwaye kwenze kube nzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomsebenzisi zexesha lokutshaja.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso lwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, amazwe amaninzi alindele ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwemarike yokutshaja ngokukhuthaza ukuthandwa kwee-EV, kodwa oku kuya kubangela utyalo-mali olunganelanga lokutshaja kwixesha elifutshane. Ubungakanani botyalo-mali, ukugcinwa okulandelayo, ukuphuculwa kwezixhobo kunye nohlaziyo lwesoftware yezikhululo zokutshaja zonke ezi zinto zifuna utyalo-mali oluqhubekayo nolukhulu. Ingqwalasela enganelanga yanikwa zona kwinqanaba lokuqala, nto leyo eyabangela uphuhliso olungenakulinganiswa nolungavuthwanga lwemarike yokutshaja.
Okwangoku, ixhala lokutshaja lithathe indawo yemiba yobubanzi kunye namaxabiso njengeyona nto iphambili ekudumeni kwee-EV. Kodwa ikwathetha amandla angenamkhawulo.
Ngokwezibikezelo ezifanelekileyo, ngo-2030, ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi zombane kwihlabathi liphela kuya kudlula kwizigidi ezingama-70, kwaye ubunini buya kufikelela kwizigidi ezingama-380. Izinga lokungena kweemoto ezintsha kwihlabathi liphela kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwi-60%. Phakathi kwazo, iimarike ezifana neYurophu ne-United States zikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iimarike ezisakhulayo ezifana ne-Southeast Asia kunye ne-Middle East zifuna ukuqhuma ngokukhawuleza. Ukuqhambuka kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kwihlabathi liphela kunike ithuba elingaqhelekanga kwishishini lokutshaja laseTshayina.
I-Xiaguang Think Tank, uphawu lwenkonzo yokubonisana phantsi kweShineGlobal, olusekelwe kwidatha efanelekileyo yeshishini kunye nophando lwabasebenzisi, oluqala kwimarike yezithuthi zamandla ezintsha, lwenze uhlalutyo olunzulu lwemeko yophuhliso lwangoku kunye neendlela zexesha elizayo zeshishini lokutshaja kwiimarike ezintathu ezinkulu zaseYurophu, eMelika, naseMzantsi-mpuma Asia, kwaye lwadibanisa nabameli beenkampani zaphesheya kwishishini lokutshaja. Uhlalutyo lwamatyala kunye nokutolikwa, "INgxelo yoPhando lwaNgaphandle kweShishini lokuTshaja" ikhutshwe ngokusesikweni, inethemba lokufumana ulwazi kwimarike yokutshaja ngokwembono yehlabathi kunye nokunika amandla iinkampani zaphesheya kwishishini.
Utshintsho lwamandla kwicandelo lothutho lomhlaba eYurophu lukhawuleza kwaye yenye yezona marike zinkulu zezithuthi zamandla ezintsha kwihlabathi liphela.
Okwangoku, intengiso kunye nesabelo se-EV eYurophu ziyanda. Izinga lokungena kwentengiso ye-EV eYurophu linyuke ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-3% ngo-2018 ukuya kwi-23% ngo-2023, ngesantya esiphezulu. I-International Energy Agency iqikelela ukuba ngo-2030, i-58% yeemoto eYurophu ziya kuba ziimoto ezintsha zamandla, kwaye inani liya kufikelela kwi-56 yezigidi.
Ngokwenjongo ye-EU yokukhupha i-carbon engakhuphisi mafutha, ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi zeenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi kuya kuyekiswa ngokupheleleyo ngo-2035. Kuyabonakala ukuba abaphulaphuli bemarike yezithuthi zamandla amatsha zaseYurophu baya kutshintsha ukusuka kwimarike yokuqala ukuya kwimarike enkulu. Inqanaba lophuhliso lilonke le-EV lilungile kwaye lifikelela kwinqanaba lokutshintsha kwemarike.
Uphuhliso lwemarike yokutshaja yaseYurophu aluzange luhambelane nokuthandwa kwee-EV, kwaye ukutshaja kusengumqobo ophambili ekutshintsheni ioyile ngombane.
Ngokuphathelele ubungakanani, intengiso ye-EV yaseYurophu ithatha ngaphezulu kwesithathu sehlabathi liphela, kodwa inani lee-charging piles lingaphantsi kwe-18% yelizwe liphela. Izinga lokukhula kwee-charging piles kwi-EU kule minyaka idlulileyo, ngaphandle kokuba zithe tyaba ngo-2022, liphantsi kunezinga lokukhula kwee-EVs. Okwangoku, kukho malunga nama-630,000 ee-charging piles ezikhoyo (inkcazo ye-AFIR) kumazwe angama-27 e-EU. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kufezekiswe usukelo lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngama-50% ngo-2030, inani lee-charging piles kufuneka lifikelele ubuncinane kwi-3.4 yezigidi ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemfuno ekhulayo yee-EVs.
Ngokwembono yokusasazwa kwemimandla, uphuhliso lwemarike yokutshaja kumazwe aseYurophu alulingani, kwaye ubuninzi bokusasazwa kweenqwaba zokutshaja bugxile kakhulu kumazwe aphambili e-EV afana neNetherlands, iFrance, iJamani, kunye ne-United Kingdom. Phakathi kwazo, iNetherlands, iFrance kunye neJamani zenza ama-60% enani leenqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke kwi-EU.
Umahluko wophuhliso kwinani lee-charging piles ngomntu ngamnye eYurophu ubonakala ngakumbi. Ngokuphathelele uluntu kunye nendawo, uxinano lwee-charging piles eNetherlands ludlula kakhulu olo lwamanye amazwe e-EU. Ukongeza, uphuhliso lwemarike yokutshaja yengingqi ngaphakathi kweli lizwe nalo alulingani, kunye namandla okutshaja ngomntu ngamnye kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi aphantsi. Olu sasazo lungalinganiyo luyinto ebalulekileyo ethintela ukuthandwa kwee-EVs.
Nangona kunjalo, izikhewu kwimarike yokutshaja ziya kuzisa namathuba ophuhliso.
Okokuqala, abathengi baseYurophu bakhathalela ngakumbi ukutshaja lula kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yokuba abemi kwiindawo zakudala zezixeko zaseYurophu abanazo iindawo zokupaka ezizinzileyo zangaphakathi kwaye abanazo iimeko zokufaka iitshaja zasekhaya, abathengi banokusebenzisa kuphela ukutshaja okucothayo ecaleni kwendlela ebusuku. Uphando lubonisa ukuba isiqingatha sabathengi e-Itali, eSpain nasePoland bakhetha ukutshaja kwizikhululo zikawonke-wonke zokutshaja nakwiindawo zokusebenza. Oku kuthetha ukuba abavelisi banokugxila ekwandiseni iimeko zokutshaja, ukuphucula ukulula kwayo kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabasebenzisi.
Okwesibini, ulwakhiwo lwangoku lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC eYurophu lusalele emva, kwaye ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kuya kuba yimpumelelo yemarike. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabasebenzisi kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu bazimisele ukulinda ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-40 kuphela ukuze batshaje esidlangalaleni. Abasebenzisi kwiimarike ezikhulayo ezifana neSpain, Poland kunye ne-Itali banomonde omncinci, kunye nabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwama-40% abanethemba lokutshaja ukuya kuma-80% ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-20. Nangona kunjalo, abaqhubi bokutshaja abanemvelaphi yenkampani yamandla yendabuko bagxila kakhulu ekwakheni iindawo ze-AC. Kukho izikhewu ekutshajeni ngokukhawuleza kunye nokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, okuya kuba yindawo yokhuphiswano lwabaqhubi abakhulu kwixesha elizayo.
Lilonke, umthetho we-EU wokwakha iziseko zokutshaja ugqityiwe, onke amazwe akhuthaza utyalo-mali kwizikhululo zokutshaja, kwaye inkqubo ephambili yomgaqo-nkqubo wemarike igqityiwe. Imarike yokutshaja yaseYurophu yangoku iyanda, inamakhulu abaqhubi benethiwekhi yokutshaja enkulu nencinci (ii-CPO) kunye nababoneleli beenkonzo zokutshaja (ii-MSP). Nangona kunjalo, ukusasazwa kwazo kuqhekeke kakhulu, kwaye ii-CPO ezilishumi eziphezulu zinesabelo semarike esidibeneyo esingaphantsi kwama-25%.
Kwixesha elizayo, kulindeleke ukuba abavelisi abaninzi bajoyine ukhuphiswano kwaye inzuzo yabo iya kuqala ukubonakala. Iinkampani zaphesheya zinokufumana indawo yazo echanekileyo kwaye zisebenzise amava azo ukugcwalisa izikhewu zemarike. Nangona kunjalo, kwangaxeshanye, imingeni ikwahambelana namathuba, kwaye kufuneka igxile kwimiba yokhuseleko lorhwebo kunye nemicimbi yendawo eYurophu.
Ukususela ngo-2022, ukukhula kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla eMelika kuye kwanda, kwaye inani lezithuthi kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwizigidi ezi-5 ngo-2023. Nangona kunjalo, iyonke, izigidi ezi-5 zingaphantsi kwe-1.8% yenani lilonke lezithuthi zabakhweli eMelika, kwaye inkqubela yayo ye-EV isemva kweyeManyano yaseYurophu. kunye neTshayina. Ngokwenjongo yendlela yokukhupha igesi engenakhabhoni, umthamo wokuthengisa wezithuthi ezintsha zamandla eMelika kufuneka ube ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha ngo-2030, kwaye inani lezithuthi eMelika kufuneka lidlule kwizigidi ezingama-30, libalelwa kwi-12%.
Inkqubela ecothayo ye-EV ikhokelele ekungafezekini kwimarike yokutshaja. Ukusukela ekupheleni kuka-2023, kukho iinqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke eziyi-160,000 eMelika, ezilingana nomndilili we-3,000 kuphela kwilizwe ngalinye. Umlinganiselo wesithuthi-kwinqwaba uphantse ube yi-30:1, ongaphezulu kakhulu kunomndilili we-EU we-13:1 kunye nomlinganiselo we-7.3:1 waseTshayina wokutshaja-kwinkukhu-kwinkukhu-kwinkukhu. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nesidingo sokutshaja sokuba ngumnini we-EV ngo-2030, izinga lokukhula kweenqwaba zokutshaja eMelika kufuneka linyuke ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezithathu kwiminyaka esixhenxe ezayo, oko kukuthi, umndilili weenqwaba zokutshaja ezingama-50,000 uya kongezwa minyaka le. Ngokukodwa, inani leenqwaba zokutshaja ze-DC kufuneka liphantse liphindwe kabini.
Imarike yokutshaja yaseMelika ineengxaki ezintathu ezinkulu: ukusasazwa kwemarike okungalinganiyo, ukuthembeka kokutshaja okungekho mthethweni, kunye namalungelo okutshaja okungalinganiyo.
Okokuqala, ukusasazwa kokutshaja kulo lonke elase-United States akulunganga kakhulu. Umahluko phakathi kwamazwe aneenqwaba zokutshaja ezininzi nezimbalwa kakhulu uphindwe ka-4,000, kwaye umahluko phakathi kwamazwe aneenqwaba zokutshaja ezininzi nezimbalwa kakhulu ngomntu ngamnye uphindwe ka-15. Amazwe anenani elikhulu leendawo zokutshaja yiCalifornia, iNew York, iTexas, iFlorida kunye neMassachusetts. YiMassachusetts neNew York kuphela ezihambelana kakuhle nokukhula kwe-EV. Kwimarike yase-US, apho ukuqhuba kuyindlela ekhethwayo yokuhamba umgama omde, ukusasazwa okunganelanga kweenqwaba zokutshaja kuthintela uphuhliso lwee-EV.
Okwesibini, ulwaneliseko lwabasebenzisi bokutshaja e-US luyaqhubeka nokwehla. Intatheli yeWashington Post yenze utyelelo olungaxelwanga kwizikhululo zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-CCS ezili-126 (ezingezizo iTesla) eLos Angeles ekupheleni kuka-2023. Iingxaki ezibalaseleyo ezihlangatyezweyo yayikukufumaneka okuncinci kweenqwaba zokutshaja, imiba ephawulekayo yokuhambelana nokutshaja, kunye namava amabi okuhlawula. Uphando luka-2023 lubonise ukuba umyinge wama-20% wabasebenzisi e-United States badibene nemigca yokutshaja okanye iinqwaba zokutshaja ezonakeleyo. Abathengi babenokuphuma ngokuthe ngqo baze bafumane esinye isikhululo sokutshaja.
Amava okutshaja kawonke-wonke eMelika asekude kakhulu kulindelo lwabasebenzisi kwaye asenokuba yenye yeemarike ezinkulu ezinamava okutshaja amabi kakhulu ngaphandle kweFransi. Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwee-EV, ukungqubana phakathi kweemfuno zomsebenzisi ezikhulayo kunye nokutshaja okungasemva kuya kucaca ngakumbi.
Okwesithathu, uluntu olumhlophe nolutyebileyo alunalo ukufikelela ngokulinganayo kumandla okutshaja njengezinye iindawo. Okwangoku, uphuhliso lwe-EV eMelika lusekwinqanaba lokuqala. Xa sijonga kwiimodeli eziphambili zokuthengisa kunye neemodeli ezintsha zika-2024, abathengi abaphambili be-EV baseseludidi oluzizityebi. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ama-70% eenqwaba zokutshaja zikwiindawo ezityebileyo, kwaye ama-96% akwiindawo ezilawulwa ngabantu abamhlophe. Nangona urhulumente etyekele imigaqo-nkqubo ye-EV kunye nokutshaja kwiintlobo ezincinci zabantu, iindawo ezihlwempuzekileyo kunye neendawo zasemaphandleni, iziphumo azikabonakali kangako okwangoku.
Ukuze kusonjululwe ingxaki yokungoneli kweziseko zokutshaja ii-EV, i-United States iye yazisa ngokulandelelana iibhili, izicwangciso zotyalo-mali, kwaye yaseka inkxaso-mali karhulumente kuwo onke amanqanaba.
ISebe lezaMandla laseMelika kunye neSebe lezoThutho bakhuphe ngokubambisana "iMigangatho kunye neeMfuno zeZiseko zoMbane zeSizwe sase-US" ngoFebruwari 2023, bebeka imigangatho eneenkcukacha kunye neenkcukacha zesoftware kunye nehardware, imisebenzi, iintengiselwano, kunye nokugcinwa kwezikhululo zokutshaja. Nje ukuba iinkcukacha zifezekisiwe, izikhululo zokutshaja zinokufanelekela inkxaso-mali. Ngokusekelwe kwimithetho yangaphambili, urhulumente wobumbano useke uluhlu lwezicwangciso zotyalo-mali zokutshaja, ezinikezelwa kumasebe obumbano ukuze kwabelwe oorhulumente bamazwe minyaka le, kwaye emva koko koorhulumente basekuhlaleni.
Okwangoku, imakethi yokutshaja yase-US isekwinqanaba lokuqala lokukhula, abantu abatsha abasaqalayo basavela, kwaye ipateni yokhuphiswano ezinzileyo ayikakhiwa. Imakethi yokusebenza kwenethiwekhi yokutshaja kawonkewonke yase-US ibonakalisa zombini iimpawu ezigxile entloko kunye nezomsila omde: Izibalo ze-AFDC zibonisa ukuba ukusukela ngoJanuwari 2024, kukho abaqhubi bokutshaja abangama-44 e-United States, kwaye ama-67% eenqwaba zokutshaja zezakwiindawo ezintathu eziphambili zokutshaja: iChargePoint, iTesla kunye neBlink. Xa kuthelekiswa neCPO, isikali sezinye iiCPO sahlukile kakhulu.
Ukungena kwecandelo lemizi-mveliso laseTshayina eMelika kusenokusombulula iingxaki ezininzi ezikhoyo kwimarike yokutshaja yaseMelika. Kodwa njengezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, ngenxa yeengozi zezopolitiko, kunzima kwiinkampani zaseTshayina ukungena kwimarike yaseMelika ngaphandle kokuba zakha iifektri eMelika okanye eMexico.
KuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia, abantu abathathu ngamnye banemoto. Iimoto zombane ezinamavili amabini (E2W) bezilawula imarike ixesha elide, kodwa imakethi yeemoto isekwinqanaba lophuhliso.
Ukukhuthaza ukuthandwa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kuthetha ukuba imakethi yaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia kufuneka itsibe ngokuthe ngqo inqanaba lokuthandwa kweemoto. Ngowama-2023, ama-70% eentengiso ze-EV eMzantsi-mpuma Asia aza kuvela eThailand, eyimakethi ephambili ye-EV kulo mmandla. Kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kumgomo wokungena kwexabiso lokuthengiswa kwe-EV elingama-30% ngo-2030, ibe lilizwe lokuqala ngaphandle kweSingapore ukungena kwinqanaba lokuvuthwa kwe-EV.
Kodwa okwangoku, ixabiso lee-EV eMzantsi-mpuma Asia lisaphezulu kakhulu kunelezithuthi zepetroli. Singabenza njani abantu abangenazo iimoto ukuba bakhethe ii-EV xa bethenga imoto okokuqala? Ungakukhuthaza njani uphuhliso lwangaxeshanye lweemarike ze-EV kunye nokutshaja? Imingeni ejongene neenkampani ezintsha zamandla eMzantsi-mpuma Asia inzima kakhulu kunezo zikwiimarike ezikhulileyo.
Iimpawu zemarike ye-EV zamazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia zahlukile kakhulu. Zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu ngokwexesha lokuvuthwa kwemarike yeemoto kunye nokuqala kwemarike ye-EV.
Udidi lokuqala ziimarike zeemoto ezivuthiweyo zaseMalaysia naseSingapore, apho ingqwalasela yophuhliso lweemoto ze-EV kukutshintsha iimoto zepetroli, kwaye umda wokuthengiswa kweemoto ze-EV ucacile; udidi lwesibini yimarike yeemoto zaseThailand, ekwinqanaba lokukhula kade, enentengiso enkulu yeemoto ze-EV kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ibe ngamazwe okuqala ngaphandle kweSingapore ukungena kwinqanaba lokukhula kweemoto ze-EV; udidi lwesithathu ziimarike eziqala kade kunye nezincinci zase-Indonesia, eVietnam nasePhilippines. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenzuzo yazo yabantu kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho, imakethi ye-EV yexesha elide inamandla amakhulu.
Ngenxa yezigaba ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso lwe-EV, amazwe nawo aneeyantlukwano ekuqulunqweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenjongo zokutshaja.
Ngowama-2021, iMalaysia yazibekela usukelo lokwakha iipali zokutshaja ezili-10,000 ngo-2025. Ulwakhiwo lokutshaja lwaseMalaysia lusebenzisa icebo lokhuphiswano lwemarike evulekileyo. Njengoko iipali zokutshaja ziqhubeka nokwanda, kuyimfuneko ukuhlanganisa imigangatho yenkonzo ye-CPO kunye nokuseka iqonga lemibuzo elidibeneyo leenethiwekhi zokutshaja.
Ukususela ngoJanuwari 2024, iMalaysia ineenqwaba zokutshaja ezingaphezu kwama-2,000, kunye nezinga lokugqiba elijoliswe kulo le-20%, apho i-DC fast charging ithatha i-20%. Uninzi lwezi nqwaba zokutshaja zixinene ecaleni kweStraits yaseMalacca, apho iGreater Kuala Lumpur kunye neSelangor ezijikeleze ikomkhulu zithatha i-60% yeenqwaba zokutshaja zelizwe. Ngokufanayo nemeko kwamanye amazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia, ukwakhiwa kokutshaja kusasazwa ngokulinganayo kwaye kugxila kakhulu kwiindawo ezinkulu ezinabantu abaninzi.
Urhulumente wase-Indonesia unike i-PLN Guodian igunya lokwakha iziseko zokutshaja, kwaye i-PLN ikhuphe iithagethi zenani leepali zokutshaja kunye nezikhululo zokutshintsha iibhetri ezibalwe ngo-2025 nango-2030. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubela phambili yokwakhiwa kwayo isemva kwenjongo kunye nokukhula kwe-EV, ingakumbi ngo-2023. Emva kokukhula kwentengiso ye-BEV ngokukhawuleza ngo-2016, umlinganiselo wesithuthi ukuya kwipali wanda kakhulu. Iziseko zokutshaja zinokuba ngomnye wemiqobo emikhulu kuphuhliso lwee-EV e-Indonesia.
Ubunini be-E4W kunye ne-E2W eThailand buncinci kakhulu, bulawulwa zii-BEV. Isiqingatha seemoto zabakhweli zeli lizwe kunye ne-70% yee-BEV zigcwele eGreater Bangkok, ngoko ke iziseko zokutshaja ngoku zigcwele eBangkok nakwiindawo ezingqongileyo. Ukusukela ngoSeptemba 2023, iThailand ineenqwaba zokutshaja eziyi-8,702, kunye nee-CPO ezingaphezulu kweshumi elinesibini ezithatha inxaxheba. Ke ngoko, nangona kukho ukwanda kokuthengiswa kwee-EV, umlinganiselo wesithuthi nesithuthi usafikelela kwinqanaba elihle le-10:1.
Enyanisweni, iThailand inezicwangciso ezifanelekileyo ngokwendlela ezakhelwe ngayo indawo, ubungakanani beDC, ulwakhiwo lwemarike, kunye nenkqubela yokwakhiwa. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kokutshaja kuya kuba yinkxaso enamandla yokwazisa ii-EV.
Imakethi yeemoto yaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia ayinasiseko silungileyo, kwaye uphuhliso lweemoto ze-EV lusekwinqanaba lokuqala kakhulu. Nangona kulindeleke ukukhula okuphezulu kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, imeko-bume yemigaqo-nkqubo kunye namathuba emarike yabathengi akakacaci, kwaye kusekho indlela ende ekufuneka ihanjwe ngaphambi kokuba iimoto ze-EV zithandwe ngokwenene. Kufuneka sihambe.
Kwiinkampani zaphesheya, indawo ethembisayo ngakumbi ikwi-E2W power exchange.
Indlela yophuhliso lwe-E2W eMzantsi-mpuma Asia iye yaphucuka. Ngokwesibikezelo seBloomberg New Energy Finance, izinga lokungena kwe-Southeast Asia liza kufikelela kwi-30% ngo-2030, ngaphambi kokuba izithuthi zombane zingene kwinqanaba lokuvuthwa kwemarike. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-EV, i-Southeast Asia inesiseko semarike se-E2W esingcono kunye nesiseko semizi-mveliso, kwaye amathuba ophuhliso lwe-E2W aqaqambe ngakumbi.
Indlela efanelekileyo ngakumbi kwiinkampani eziya phesheya kukuba ngumthengisi endaweni yokukhuphisana ngokuthe ngqo.
Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, iinkampani ezininzi ezisaqalayo zokutshintshana kwamandla e-E2W e-Indonesia zifumene utyalo-mali olukhulu, kuquka nabatyali-mali abanemvelaphi yaseTshayina. Kwimarike yokutshintshana kwamandla ekhula ngokukhawuleza neqhekekileyo, basebenza “njengabathengisi bamanzi”, benemingcipheko elawulekayo kunye nembuyekezo ephezulu. Icace ngakumbi. Ngaphezu koko, ukutshintshwa kwamandla lishishini elinobunzima obukhulu elinomjikelo wokubuyisela iindleko ixesha elide. Phantsi kwendlela yokukhusela urhwebo lwehlabathi, ikamva aliqinisekanga kwaye akufanelekanga ukuthatha inxaxheba ngokuthe ngqo kutyalo-mali nolwakhiwo.
Seka intsebenziswano neenkampani eziphambili zasekuhlaleni ukuze useke umatshini wokuvelisa ibhetri ye-OEM yokudibanisa izixhobo zekhompyutha
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Ixesha leposi: Matshi-13-2024
