Isishwankathelo sokutshaja kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla

Iiparamitha zebhetri

1.1 Amandla ebhetri

Iyunithi yamandla ebhetri yi-kilowatt-hour (kWh), ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-"degree". I-1kWh ithetha "amandla asetyenziswa sisixhobo sombane esinamandla e-kilowatt e-1 iyure enye." Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, le ngxelo kawonke-wonke isebenzisa kakhulu igama elithi "degree" ukuyichaza. Abafundi kufuneka bazi kuphela ukuba yiyunithi yamandla ombane kwaye akufuneki bangene kwintsingiselo yayo.

[Umzekelo] Umthamo webhetri yeemoto kunye neeSUV ezinomgama we-500km umalunga nama-60 degrees kunye nama-70 degrees ngokulandelelana. Okwangoku izithuthi zombane ezicocekileyo eziveliswa ngobuninzi zinokuxhotyiswa ngeebhetri ezinomthamo ophezulu we-150 kwh kunye nomgama wokuqhuba oqikelelweyo ofikelela kwi-1,000 km.

Kukho ipleyiti yegama enolwazi lwesithuthi kumnyango wangaphambili wasekunene (okanye ucango lwangasemva lwasekunene) lwesithuthi esitsha samandla. Iqondo lebhetri libalwa ngokusebenzisa i-voltage elinganisiweyo × umthamo olinganisiweyo/1000. Isiphumo esibaliweyo sinokwahluka kancinci kwixabiso elisemthethweni lenkampani yemoto.

1.2 I-SOC

I-SOC sisifinyezo segama elithi “Imeko yetyala", okubhekiselele kwimeko yokutshaja kwebhetri, oko kukuthi, amandla ebhetri aseleyo, adla ngokubonakaliswa njengepesenti."

1.3 Uhlobo lwebhetri

Uninzi lwezithuthi zamandla ezintsha ezikwimarike zisebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion, ezinokwahlulwa zibe ziibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kunye neebhetri ze-ternary lithium.

Phakathi kwazo, kukho iimpawu ezimbini ezithile "zokungaguquguquki kakuhle" kweebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate. Okokuqala, isibonisi se-SOC asichanekanga: umzekelo, umbhali kutshanje ufumene i-Xpeng P5, eyathatha imizuzu engama-50 ukutshaja ukusuka kwi-20% ukuya kwi-99%, ngelixa itshaja ukusuka kwi-99% ukuya kwi-Kuthathe imizuzu engama-30 ukufikelela kwi-100%, nto leyo ngokucacileyo yingxaki ngesibonisi se-SOC; okwesibini, isantya sokucima umbane asilingani (sikwabakho ikakhulu xa sitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo): ezinye iimoto azibonisi tshintsho kubomi bebhetri emva kokuqhuba i-10km emva kokuba itshajiwe ngokupheleleyo, ngelixa ezinye iimoto zingatshaji. Ubomi bebhetri behle ukuya kwi-5km emva kwamanyathelo ambalwa nje. Ke ngoko, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kufuneka zitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo kanye ngeveki ukulungisa ukuhambelana kweeseli.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ngenxa yendalo yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, iibhetri ze-ternary lithium azifanelekanga ukupaka emva kokuba zitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo (kodwa zinokuqhubeka ziqhubela ngaphantsi kwe-90% kwangoko emva kokuba zitshajiwe ngokupheleleyo).Ukongeza, nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwebhetri, akufuneki iqhutywe phantsi kweemeko zebhetri ephantsi (i-SOC <20%), kwaye akufuneki itshajwe kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu (amaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-30°C okanye ngaphantsi kwama-0°C).

Ngokwesantya sokutshaja, iindlela zokutshaja zingahlulwahlulwa zibe kukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokutshaja kancinci.

(1)Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza

I-voltage yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza idla ngokuba yi-voltage esebenzayo yezithuthi zombane (ubukhulu becala malunga ne-360-400V). Kuluhlu lwamandla aphezulu, umbane ungafikelela kwi-200-250A, ohambelana namandla angama-70-100kW. Ezinye iimodeli ezine-charging njengendawo yokuthengisa zinokufikelela kwi-150kW nge-voltage ephezulu. Ngaphezulu. Uninzi lweemoto lunokutshaja ukusuka kwi-30% ukuya kwi-80% kwisiqingatha seyure.

[Umzekelo] Xa sithatha imoto enomthamo webhetri ongama-60 degrees (enomgama omalunga ne-500km) umzekelo, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza (amandla angama-60kW) kunokubangela ukuba ibhetri itshaje ngokukhawuleza.tshaja ibhetriubomi be-250km kwisiqingatha seyure (ububanzi bamandla aphezulu)