Njengoko izithuthi zombane (ii-EVs) ziqhubeka nokufumana ukutsaleka kwihlabathi jikelele, iziseko zophuhliso ezizixhasayo kufuneka zigcine isantya. Okungundoqo kolu phuhliso zizikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke, ezimele incopho yeteknoloji yokutshaja i-EV yangoku. Eli nqaku ligocagoca kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe ezenza izikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke ziyimfuneko kwixesha elizayo lokuhamba kombane.
1. ITekhnoloji yokuguqula amandla
Embindini wesikhululo ngasinye sokutshaja iimoto zoluntu kukho inkqubo yokuguqula amandla. Le teknoloji inoxanduva lokuguqula i-alternating current (AC) ukusuka kwigridi ukuya kwi-direct current (DC) efanelekileyo yokutshaja iibhetri ze-EV. Abaguquli abakumgangatho ophezulu baqeshwe ukunciphisa ilahleko yamandla ngexesha lenkqubo yokuguqula. Amandla ombane aphezulu aqinisekisa ukuba imveliso izinzile kwaye iyakwazi ukuhambisa amanqanaba aphezulu ombane, ukunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokutshaja xa kuthelekiswa neetshaja ze-AC zemveli.
2. Iinkqubo zokupholisa
Amandla aphezulu aphuma kwizikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke enza ubushushu obuninzi, nto leyo efuna iinkqubo zokupholisa ezomeleleyo. Ezi nkqubo zinokupholiswa ngolwelo okanye zipholiswe ngumoya, kunye nokupholisa ulwelo kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwizicelo zamandla aphezulu. Ukupholisa okusebenzayo kubalulekile kungekuphela nje kukhuseleko kunye nobomi obude bezixhobo zesikhululo sokutshaja kodwa kunye nokugcina ukusebenza kokutshaja okungaguqukiyo. Ngokulawula ngokukuko imithwalo eshushu, ezi nkqubo zokupholisa ziqinisekisa ukuba isikhululo sokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke sisebenza phakathi kwamaqondo obushushu akhuselekileyo nangexesha lokusetyenziswa okuphezulu.
3. IiProtokholi zoNxibelelwano
Izikhululo zale mihla zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke zixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zonxibelelwano eziphucukileyo ezenza unxibelelwano olungenamthungo nee-EVs kunye neenkqubo zolawulo oluphakathi. Iiprothokholi ezifana ne-ISO 15118 ziququzelela ukutshintshiselana ngolwazi phakathi kwetshaja kunye nesithuthi, evumela imisebenzi efana nePlug & Charge, apho isithuthi sichongwe ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye intlawulo iphathwa ngokungenamthungo. Lo maleko wonxibelelwano ukwavumela ukuba kubekwe iliso ngexesha lokwenyani kunye noxilongo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi na imiba enezikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zoluntu inokuchongwa kwaye isonjululwe ngokukhawuleza.
4. I-Smart Grid Integration
Izikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke ziya zidityaniswa ngakumbi kunye nobuchwepheshe begridi ehlakaniphile, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokuzinza. Ngokudityaniswa kwegridi ekrelekrele, ezi zikhululo zinokwandisa amaxesha okutshaja ngokusekwe kwimfuno yegridi, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngexesha leeyure eziphakamileyo kwaye zithathe ithuba lokufumana amaxabiso asezantsi ngamaxesha okungasebenzi. Ngaphaya koko, zinokudityaniswa nemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo, efana namandla elanga kunye nomoya, ukunika amandla aluhlaza kwii-EVs. Oku kudityaniswa kunceda ukulinganisa igridi kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamandla acocekileyo.
5. Umsebenzisi kunye namava
Ujongano olusebenziseka lula lubalulekile ekwamkelweni ngokubanzi kwezikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke. Iziboniso zescreen esichukumisayo, iimenyu ezicacileyo, kunye noqhagamshelo lweapp ephathwayo inika abasebenzisi ithuba lokutshaja elingenamthungo nelithe ngqo. Olu nxibelelwano lunika ulwazi lwexesha lokwenyani malunga nobume bokutshaja, ixesha eliqikelelweyo lokuhlawulisa ngokupheleleyo, kunye neendleko. Ukongeza, izinto ezinje ngeenketho zokuhlawula ungaqhagamshelani kunye kunye nokubekw'esweni okude ngokusebenzisa ii-apps eziphathwayo zenza kube lula kubasebenzisi.
6. IiNdlela zoKhuseleko
Ukhuseleko yingqwalasela ebalulekileyo kuyilo nokusebenza kwezikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zoluntu. Iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela zibandakanya ukukhuselwa komhlaba, ukukhuselwa ngokugqithisileyo, kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ukushisa. Ezi mpawu ziqinisekisa ukuba zombini isikhululo sokutshaja kunye ne-EV edibeneyo ikhuselwe kwiimpazamo zombane kunye nokushisa. Uhlaziyo lwe-firmware rhoqo kunye neeprothokholi zovavanyo olungqongqo ngakumbi ukomeleza ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lwezi nkqubo zokutshaja.
7. Ukuqina kunye nobungqina bexesha elizayo
Ukunyuka kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke kubalulekile ukulungiselela inani elikhulayo lee-EVs. Uyilo lwemodyuli luvumela ukwandiswa lula kothungelwano lokutshaja, okwenza abaqhubi bongeze iindawo zokutshaja njengoko imfuno isanda. Ubuchwephesha bobungqina bexesha elizayo, njenge-bi-directional chargeging (V2G - Vehicle to Grid), nayo iyadityaniswa, ivumela ii-EVs ukuba zibonelele ngombane kwakhona kwigridi, ngaloo ndlela zixhasa ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokuzinza kwegridi.
Ukuqukumbela
Izikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke zimele ukuhlangana kobuchwepheshe obuphambili obuthi bubonelele ngesisombululo esikhawulezayo, esisebenzayo nesikhuselekileyo sokutshaja kwizithuthi zombane. Ukusuka kuguqulo lwamandla kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa ukuya kwidibaniso yegridi ehlakaniphile kunye nojongano lomsebenzisi, umaleko ngamnye wezobuchwepheshe unegalelo ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kunye nokuthembeka kwezi zikhululo. Njengoko ukwamkelwa kwezithuthi zombane kuqhubeka nokunyuka, indima yezikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke iya kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, iqhubela inguqu kwikamva lezothutho elizinzileyo nelinombane. Inkqubela phambili kwizikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zikawonke-wonke ayenzi nje ukutshaja kwe-EV ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi kodwa ikwaxhasa ukutyhala kwehlabathi ukuya kwizisombululo zamandla aluhlaza.
Qhagamshelana nathi:
Ngothethwano lomntu siqu kunye nemibuzo malunga nezisombululo zethu zokutshaja, nceda uqhagamshelane noLesley:
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Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-03-2024