Ngo-1970, i-Nobel Pause Pubner ye-uqoqosho Paul Samuelson, ekuqalekeni kuka "Stowel", yabhala isigwebo esinjalo: ukuba sinokubafundisa "ukuba banike" isetyenziswe.
Ewe, ihlabathi lezoqoqosho, imithetho yamawaka emithetho, kunye nemithetho yabo bonke. Nanini na apho naphi na, "ukubonelelwa kunye nezigqibo ezifunwayo namaxabiso" adlala indima. Kutshanje, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ombane kwi-chartings kuyitolika ngokupheleleyo lo mthetho. Ibethe ngqo intliziyo yomqhubi wezithuthi zombane, obangele umfanekiso we-sharung ye-sharter piles kwixesha elithile.
Ngokutsho kophando lwentatheli, ngexesha lasemini, phantse akukho ziphos zityhafisayo ezingaphantsi kwe-1 yuan nge-kW ye-kW; Emva kwemini, ixabiso leemputha zetshaja ezikhawulezayo zihlala zijikeleze i-1.4 Yuan / degree; Eli nqanaba lingentla; Ixabiso leemputha ezithile zibhiyozele zigqithile kwi-2 yuan / degree. Ngokweengxelo zosasazo, kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo, amaxabiso ombane e-shailes anyuke kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi, ngaphantsi kweekona ezimbalwa, nangaphezulu kwe-Yuan. Olona nyuso luphezulu luphantse "luphindwe kabini" xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elidlulileyo.
Kutheni le nto ixabiso lombane le-chartings linyuka?
Okokuqala, imfuno yokubiza izithuthi zamandla amatsha anyuke kakhulu. Imigaqo-nkqubo ethandwayo kunye nemarike yombane yenze ukuba abanini bezithuthi zombane zibonakale kwiliso eliphakathi, kwaye imfuno iyonke yokutshaja inyuke kakhulu. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, okwangoku, izixeko ezahlukeneyo ziphumeze iikhonsepthi ezintsha zophuhliso kwaye ziqhutywa nophuhliso oluhlaza nolukrelekrele. Izithuthi zepetroli zendabuko zirhoxisiwe ngokuthe ngcembe kwiteksi kunye nentengiso yemoto kwi-Intanethi. Izithuthi ezitsha zamandla ziye zavela ngokuthe ngcembe kwinqanaba lezithuthi zikawonke-wonke zasezidolophini zaza zalawulwa. Abaqhubi bezithuthi zamandla amatsha anomdla kakhulu kumaxabiso ombane kwaye baqwalasele nini kwaye phi nqula phi usuku ngalunye. Xa zombini ezi moto zohambo zobuqu kunye nezithuthi zikawonke-wonke kufuneka zihlawulwe, imfuno yokutshaja inyukele kakhulu, ukuba iyathandana.
Okwesibini, ukukhula konikezo lweembaleki ze-shales zisemva kokukhula kwemfuno. Izithuthi zombane kunye neepilisi zokuhlawula ziimveliso ezihambelana nazo, ezingabalulekanga. Kukho izithuthi zombane, kwaye imfumba yokulawula kufuneka ingaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, imeko yezithuthi zombane kunye neemputha zetshaja zihlukile, ezikhokelele ekunikezelweni kweencwadana zokushasa ukwandisa ibango. Izithuthi zombane zinohlobo lwezinto zabucala. Ukuba ungayithenga, ungayithenga, kwaye ungayithenga. Le yingxaki yokuthatha isigqibo sabucala. Imfumba ebiza imfumba inezinto zoluntu. Ngubani oza kutyala imali, oya kwakhiwa, yimalini, yimalini, ukuba zingakanani, ukuba zingakanani, ukuba zingaphi, ukuba zingaphi iifayile, eziya kusebenza ... Yakhiwe, kwaye ungayakha. Nangona izixeko ezahlukeneyo sele ziqalile ukunamathisela ukubaluleka kokwakhiwa kweefayile zokuhlawula, ukuhanjiswa kweencwadana ezinemigangatho yezithuthi zikawonke-wonke zisemva kwemfuno yezinto zabucala.
Okwesithathu, iinguqu kubudlelwane phakathi kokutshatyalalelwa kunye nemfuno zitshintshe ukwenziwa kwexabiso letyala. Ngokubanzi, ixabiso lokutshaja lweencwadana zokutshaya zikawonke-wonke liqulunqwe ngamacandelo amabini: intlawulo yenkonzo kunye nombane. Phakathi kwazo, iinguqu kwiibhili zombane zisesidla rhoqo. Yahlulahlulwe yaziincopho, amacandelo athe tyaba, kunye nemikhosi yeeyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, ezihambelana namanqanaba ahlukeneyo amaxabiso ombane. Intlawulo yenkonzo ihlengahlengiswa ngokungqinelana nemigaqo yemimandla eyahlukeneyo, amaxesha ahlukeneyo, kunye namashishini ahlukeneyo. Xa imoto yombane ingazange ithandwa kwaye imfumba yetshaja isekwa, ibango lokutshaja lingaphantsi koncedo lweefayile zokuhlawula ngeli xesha. Ukwenzela ukuba abaqhubi baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphucule imvume yokuhlawula inkonzo kwaye bathanda umqhubi ngesaphulelo sexabiso kunye nemfazwe yamaxabiso. Ngokuzithandela kancinci kwezithuthi zombane kunye nemeko yokubonelela ngeencwadana zokutsalwa ngokufutshane, umqhubi wemfumba etshasayo uya kuya emarikeni, akasaqhubekisi iifizi zenkonzo, kwaye ixabiso lenkonzo liya kunyuka. Ingabonwa ukuba olu lutshintsho lohlobo lokubonelela kunye nolwalamano lwemfuno lwentengiso yokutshaja.
Ixabiso liya kuthetha, kwaye litolika ibali lokuhambisa kunye nobudlelwane bemfuno yemfumba etshaja. Ngapha koko, ixabiso lisisipili, onke onke amashishini, kuyo yonke loo nto.
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IXESHA LOKUQALA: UJAN-07-2024