Njengoko utshintsho lwehlabathi oluya kuthutho oluluhlaza lukhawuleza, ubuchwepheshe obusemva kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla (ii-NEV) butshintsha ngesantya esimangalisayo. Phakathi kwezinto ezintsha ezibalulekileyo ziibhetri zamandla, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza (ii-DCFC), kunye neenkqubo zokutshaja kancinci (ii-AC charging). Ezi teknoloji ziphambili kumava omsebenzisi kunye nophuhliso olubanzi lweshishini. Kodwa zeziphi imigaqo esisiseko emva kwazo? Ziyibumba njani ikamva lokuhamba? Namhlanje, siza kungena kwezi teknoloji zibalulekileyo, sihlolisise imigaqo yazo yokusebenza kunye nendlela ezinegalelo ngayo ekuphuhlisweni kwezithuthi zombane (ii-EV).
1. Iibhetri zamandla: Intliziyo yezithuthi zombane
Ibhetri yamandla kwisithuthi esitsha samandla ayisebenzi'ngumthombo wamandla nje—it'yintoni echaza imoto'umgama kunye namava okuqhuba. Namhlanje, iibhetri ze-lithium zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yobuninzi bazo bamandla aphezulu, ubomi obude, kunye nesantya esiphantsi sokuzikhupha.
lUlwakhiwo kunye noMgaqo-siseko oSisiseko
Iibhetri zamandla zenziwe ziiseli ezininzi ezidityaniswe ngochungechunge okanye ngaxeshanye ukuze kufezekiswe i-voltage efunekayo kunye ne-current output. Umgaqo wokusebenza kwezi bhetri usekelwe kwiimpendulo zeekhemikhali ezigcina kwaye zikhuphe amandla. Ngexesha lokukhupha, ibhetri ikhupha amandla eekhemikhali agciniweyo njengamandla ombane ukunika amandla i-motor yesithuthi. Ngexesha lokutshaja, imithombo yamandla yangaphandle ibonelela ngamandla ombane, aguqulwa abe ngamandla eekhemikhali ngaphakathi kwebhetri.
lInkqubo yokuTshaja nokuKhupha: Imfihlo yoGuquko lwaMandla
nUkukhupha: Ii-ion zeLithium zisuka kwi-electrode engalunganga ziye kwi-electrode echanekileyo, kwaye ii-elektroni zihamba ngesekethe yangaphandle, zivelisa umsinga.
nUkutshaja: Umbane uphuma kumthombo wamandla wangaphandle uye kwibhetri, uhambisa ii-ion ze-lithium ukusuka kwi-positive ukuya kwi-electrode engalunganga ukuze kugcinwe amandla.
2. Ukutshaja Okukhawulezileyo Nokutshaja Okucothayo: Ukulinganisela Isantya Sokutshaja Nempilo Yebhetri
Isantya esirhafiswa ngaso isithuthi sombane sibalulekile ukuze kube lula kuso. Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokutshaja kancinci, nangona zombini zisebenza injongo enye, zahluke kakhulu kwimigaqo yazo kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa. Makhe sihlolisise indlela ezisebenza ngayo kunye nokuba nganye ifanelekile phi.
Ukutshaja Okukhawulezayo: Ugqatso Lwesantya
1. Umgaqo Wokusebenza: Ukutshaja kwe-DC ekhawulezayo
Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza (i-DCFC) kusebenzisa amandla aphezulu angqalileyo (i-DC) ukutshaja ibhetri, kudlula inkqubo yokuguqula i-AC ukuya kwi-DC yetshaja esebhodini. Oku kuvumela ibhetri ukuba ifikelele kwi-80% yokutshaja ngexesha elifutshane.—ngesiqhelo kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30.
2. Imingeni: Ukulinganisela isantya kunye nobomi bebhetri
Nangona ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunika amandla akhawulezileyo, kukwavelisa ubushushu, obunokuchaphazela kakubi ubomi bebhetri. Ke ngoko, iinkqubo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza zanamhlanje zixhotyiswe ngolawulo lobushushu kunye neenkqubo zokulungisa umbane onamandla ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokukhusela ubude bebhetri.
3. Eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokusebenzisa: Ukutshaja ngexesha likaxakeka kunye nokuhamba rhoqo
Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kulungele ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lohambo olude okanye kubaqhubi abafuna ukongeza umbane ngexesha elifutshane. Ezi zikhululo zihlala zifumaneka kwiindlela ezinkulu nakwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, apho ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile.
Ukutshaja kancinci: Ukutshaja kancinci ubomi bebhetri obude
1. Umgaqo Wokusebenza: Ukutshaja kwe-AC kunye noKhuseleko lweBhetri
Ukutshaja kancinci (i-AC charging) kusebenzisa i-lower-power alternating current (AC) ukutshaja ibhetri, ngesiqhelo ngetshaja ekwibhodi eguqula i-AC ibe yi-DC. Ngenxa ye-low charging current, ukutshaja kancinci kuvelisa ubushushu obuncinci, nto leyo ethambileyo kwibhetri kwaye inceda ukwandisa ubomi bayo.
2. Iingenelo: Ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nobomi bebhetri obude
Ukutshaja kancinci kuyahambelana nebhetri, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ilungele impilo yebhetri ixesha elide. Iluncedo kakhulu ekutshajeni ubusuku bonke okanye xa imoto ipakwe ixesha elide, ukuqinisekisa ukutshaja ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokonakalisa ibhetri.
3. Eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokusebenzisa: Ukutshaja ekhaya kunye nokupaka ixesha elide
Ukutshaja kancinci kudla ngokusetyenziswa xa kutshaja ekhaya okanye kwiindawo zokupaka zikawonke-wonke, apho izithuthi zipakishwa khona ixesha elide. Nangona ukutshaja kuthatha ixesha elide, kunika ukhuseleko olungcono kwibhetri kwaye lukhetho olufanelekileyo kubaqhubi abangadingi kujika ngokukhawuleza.
3. Ukukhetha Phakathi kokutshaja ngokukhawuleza nokutshaja kancinci
Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokutshaja kancinci kuza neenzuzo kunye neengxaki zazo. Ukukhetha phakathi kwazo kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno kunye neemeko zomsebenzisi.
lUkutshaja Okukhawulezileyo: Ilungele abaqhubi abafuna ukuphinda batshaje ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi xa behamba ixesha elide okanye xa ixesha libalulekile.
lUkutshaja kancinci: Ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa imihla ngemihla, ingakumbi xa imoto ipakwe ixesha elide. Nangona ixesha lokutshaja lide, ibhetri ithambile, nto leyo enegalelo kubomi obude.
4. Ikamva: Izisombululo zokutshaja ezikrelekrele nezisebenzayo ngakumbi
Njengoko ubuchwepheshe bebhetri kunye nokutshaja buqhubeka nokukhula, ikamva lokutshaja kwe-EV libonakala liqaqambile kwaye lisebenza kakuhle. Ukusuka ekutshajeni ngokukhawuleza ukuya ekutshajeni okucothayo okukrelekrele, izinto ezintsha kwiteknoloji yokutshaja ziya kuqhubeka nokuphucula amava omsebenzisi kwaye zibonelele ngezinye iindlela kubanini be-EV.
Ngokukodwa, ukunyuka kweenethiwekhi zokutshaja ezikrelekrele kuya kuvumela abanini bezithuthi ukuba bajonge kwaye balawule amaxesha abo okutshaja kunye nombane ngokusebenzisa ii-apps zeselfowuni. Le ndlela ikrelekrele iya kwenza izithuthi zombane zibe lula kwaye zifikeleleke ngakumbi, inegalelo kutshintsho lwehlabathi oluya ekuhambeleni okucocekileyo nokuzinzileyo.
Isiphelo: Ikamva leebhetri zamandla kunye netekhnoloji yokutshaja
Iibhetri zamandla, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokutshaja kancinci zezona teknoloji ziphambili eziqhuba ukukhula kweshishini lezithuthi zombane. Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo, iibhetri zexesha elizayo ziya kuba ngcono ngakumbi, ukutshaja kuya kukhawuleza, kwaye amava ngokubanzi aya kuba lula ngakumbi ukuyisebenzisa. Nokuba ufuna ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lohambo lwemoto okanye ukutshaja kancinci ebusuku xa uhamba ngemoto yakho yemihla ngemihla, ukuqonda ezi teknoloji kuya kukunceda wenze ukhetho olunolwazi ngakumbi malunga ne-EV yakho. Uthutho oluluhlaza aluselulo iphupha nje.—yinyani esondela imihla ngemihla.
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ISichuan Green Science & Technology Ltd., Co.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-07-2024
