NguFinn Peacock-iNjineli yoMbane eChartered, owayesakuba yiCSIRO, umnini we-EV, umseki weSolarQuotes.com.au
Ingaba ucinga ukuthenga i-EV, ulinde ukuhanjiswa, okanye ukuqhuba i-EV, ukwazi ukuba (kwaye njani) bahlawulisa yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobunini.
Kwesi sikhokelo, ndiza kuxoxa ngamandla (kW) kunye namandla (kWh).Ukwazi umahluko kubalulekile!Abantu bayayixuba yonke le nto – nkqu neengcali zombane ekufuneka zazi ngcono.
Imoto yepetroli eqhelekileyo ifumana iikhilomitha ezili-10 ukusuka kwi-1 ilitha yamafutha.Imoto yombane eqhelekileyo ifumana malunga neekhilomitha ezi-6 ukusuka kwi-1 kWh yombane.
Kwimoto yepetroli, udinga iilitha ezili-10 zepetroli ukuhamba nge-100 km. Ngexabiso eligcinwe kakhulu le-$ 1.40 ngelitha yamafutha, 10 x $ 1.40 = i-$ 14 yeekhilomitha ezili-100.
Qaphela: Ipetroli ingaphezulu kwe-$2 ilitha nganye ngexesha lokubhala – kodwa ndiza kubambelela kwi-1.40 yeedola ukubonisa ukuba ii-EVs zitshiphu kakhulu, nokuba uzwilakhe waseRashiya akazange awagqithise amaxabiso epetroli.
Kwisithuthi sombane, malunga ne-16 kWh yombane kufuneka uhambe iikhilomitha ezili-100. Ukuba umthengisi wakho wombane ubiza i-21 cents nge-kWh, ixabiso yi-16 x $ 0.21 = $ 3.36.
Izithuthi zombane azibizi kakhulu ukuziqhuba ukuba ucinga ukutshaja kwiiphaneli zesola okanye ukutshaja ngamaxabiso angekho phezulu asekelwe kumaxabiso exesha lokusebenzisa (ToU).
Ukuba unetyala lombane le-21c kunye nentlawulo yelanga ye-8c, iindleko eziseleyo zokutshaja imoto ngamandla elanga yi-8c. Ixabiso eliphantsi nge-13c ngekWh nganye kunokutshaja imoto yombane kwigridi.
Iintlawulo zexesha lokusebenzisa umbane zikuhlawulisa amaxabiso ahlukeneyo ombane ngokusekelwe kwixesha lemini oyifumanayo kwigridi.
Thelekisa amaxabiso ombane e-Aurora Energy Tasmania ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo emini:
Ukuba useta itshaja yakho ye-EV ukuba iqhube kuphela kule nkqubo ye-ToU nge-Aurora ukusuka ngo-10am ukuya ku-4pm, i-100km yoluhlu iya kuxabisa i-16 x $ 0.15 = $2.40.
Ikamva lesicwangciso sombane sase-Australia ziintlawulo zexesha lokusebenzisa, owona mbane ubiza imali eninzi emini (uninzi lwelanga) kunye nasebusuku (udla ngokuba nomoya omninzi kunye nemfuno encinci).
EmaZantsi eOstreliya, uhlawuliswa umyinge we-7.5 yeesenti ngekilowatt-yure yosuku ngexesha lokusebenzisa imali ebonelela “ngesiponji selanga.”
Abanye abathengisi bakwabonelela ngeerhafu ezikhethekileyo ze-EV apho unokuhlawula ireyithi esezantsi ye-kWh nganye ukubiza i-EV yakho ngamaxesha athile, okanye iqondo elisicaba lemihla ngemihla lokutshaja okungenamkhawulo.
Enye into yokugqibela - qaphela "iintlawulo zemfuno" .Ezi zicwangciso zamandla zihlawulisa ibhilikhi yombane ephantsi, kodwa inokukufaka engxakini enkulu ukuba usetyenziso lwakho lombane lugqithise umda othile.
Itshaja ye-EV esisiseko sisixhobo esilula kakhulu.Umsebenzi wayo kuku “buza” nje imoto ukuba ingayamkela nayiphi na intlawulo, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, inike amandla ngokukhuselekileyo kwisithuthi de kuthiwe masime.
Itshaja ye-EV ayikwazi ukunika amandla imoto ngokukhawuleza kunokuba imoto icela yona (nto leyo eyingozi), kodwa ukuba unobulumko obuthile, inokugqiba ukuba ihlehlise intlawulo okanye isekelwe kwezinye iimeko - umzekelo:
Iitshaja ze-EV zaseKhaya nazo ziyi-AC. Oko kuthetha ukuba azenzanga nto ikhethekileyo. Zilawula nje ii-kilowatts ze-230V AC eziya emotweni.
Enyanisweni, ibhokisi ye-electronics onokuyithenga ukuhlawulisa imoto yakho ayikho itshaja yobuchwepheshe.Kuba yonke into eyenzayo inikezela amandla alawulwayo e-AC.Ngobuchule, eyona tshaja isemotweni, iguqula i-AC ibe yi-DC kwaye ithathele ingqalelo yonke eminye imisebenzi yokutshaja.
Le tshaja ye-EV ye-onboard inomda wamandla onzima kwi-AC-DC yokuguqulwa kwayo. I-kilowatts ye-11 ngumda wezithuthi ezininzi zombane - ezifana ne-Tesla Model 3 kunye ne-Mini Cooper SE.
I-Nerd confession: Ndimele ndibize ngobuchule isixhobo osifake kwimoto yakho i-EVSE (Isixhobo soMbane weSithuthi soMbane) .Kodwa oko kuya kubhidanisa abantu abaninzi, ngoko ke emngciphekweni wokufumana i-imeyile enomsindo evela kwinjineli esele isidla umhlala-phantsi, ndibiza ezi zixhobo "iitshaja."
Itshaja ezinikezelwe ngesantya esiphezulu zikawonke-wonke ze-EV zona ngokwazo zitshaja ezondla amandla e-DC ngqo kwi-battery.They ayikhawulelwanga yitshaja yemoto kuba ayisebenzisi.
Ukuba imoto yakho iyakwazi ukumelana nayo, la makhwenkwe angalunganga angatshaja ukuya kuthi ga kwi-350 kW ye-DC. Qaphela ukuba kufuneka behlise isantya kakhulu xa ibhetri yakho ifikelela malunga ne-70%.
Ishishini lisebenzise amagama achaza ukutshaja okucothayo, okuphakathi kunye nokukhawulezayo.Kunokuba kuyadika, kubizwa iNqanaba loku-1, iNqanaba lesi-2, kunye neNqanaba lesi-3 lokutshaja.
Itshaja yenqanaba loku-1 yintambo nje kunye nesitena sombane esidibanisa kwindawo yombane eqhelekileyo. Babiza i-1.8 ukuya kwi-2.4 kW ukusuka kwisokethi yendlu eqhelekileyo.
Icebiso lobuchule: Ukuba umenzi-automaker wakho akaboneleli ngesinxibelelanisi esiphathwayo semoto yakho, qiniseka ukuba uyasithenga kwaye usigcine esiqwini – singakongela usuku lwebhekoni nokuba awuzange usisebenzise ngexesha lasekhaya.
Ukubonisa ukuba kuthetha ukuthini izinga lokutshaja kweNqanaba loku-1 le-1.8 kW – liyakongeza i-1.8 kWh ngeyure kwibhetri yemoto yakho.
I-1 kWh yamandla kwibhetri ye-EV ilingana ne-6 km yoluhlu. Ngoko ke, ishaja yezinga le-1 inokubonelela ngoluhlu lweekhilomitha ezili-10 ngeyure.
Kodwa inqanaba loku-1 lingahlawulisa ngesantya esiphezulu.Kuxhomekeke kumenzi, isixhobo sakho sinokuba neeplagi ezitshintshayo.
Zonke iitshaja eziphathwayo ze-EV ziza kunye neeplagi ze-10A eziqhelekileyo, ezifanayo nazo zonke ezinye izixhobo zekhaya lakho, kodwa ezinye nazo ziza kunye neeplagi ze-15A ezitshintshiweyo.Oku kunomhlaba obanzi we-prong kwaye kufuna i-socket ekhethekileyo ekwazi ukuphatha iingcingo ezityebileyo kwi-15A.Ukuba ungumnikazi wekharavani, mhlawumbi uqhelene nabo.
Ezinye iitshaja eziphathwayo zine-15A "umsila" .Ezi ziphelo ze-10A kunye ne-15A eziza kunye neshaja yeselula yeTesla e-Australia.
Ukuba itshaja yakho ephathekayo i-15A ekupheleni kwaye ufuna ukuhlawula ekhaya, uya kufuna i-15A yokuphuma kwindawo yokupaka imoto yakho.Lindela ukuhlawula malunga ne-$ 500 yolu fakelo.
Inyani yeNerd: Ukuba amandla ombane wegridi yendawo yakho aphakamileyo (kufuneka abe ngama-230V, kodwa aqhele ukuba yi-240V+), uya kufumana amandla angakumbi kuba amandla = amandla ombane akhoyo ngoku x.
Inyani yebhonasi nerdy: Kuxhomekeka kumvelisi, iitshaja eziphathwayo zikholisa ukulinganiselwa kwi-80% yomlinganiselo wazo wangoku. Ngoko ke itshaja ye-10A inokusebenza kuphela kwi-8A, kunye nesixhobo se-15A sinokusebenza kuphela kwi-12A. Idityaniswe nokuguquguquka kwamandla ombane wegridi, oko kwakuthetha ukuba andinakukwazi ukubonelela ngesantya esichanekileyo sokutshaja se-EV kwisantya soqhagamshelwano lweselula.
Inyani yeTesla Nerd: Iishaja zeselula zeTesla ezingeniswe emva kukaNovemba 2021 zinokuhlawulisa kwi-10A epheleleyo okanye i-15A, kuxhomekeke kumsila osetyenzisiweyo.
Ingcebiso yePro: Ukuba unayo iTesla yakutshanje kwaye unethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba ube nesigaba sesithathu kwigaraji, ungathenga umsila womntu wesithathu onokuhlawula kwi-4.8 ukuya kwi-7kW (20 ukuya ku-32A) usebenzisa i-mobile connector.
âš¡ï¸ âš¡ï¸ Isantya sokuTshaja: Malunga.Uluhlu lwe-40 km/h (isigaba esinye) okanye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-130 km/h (isigaba esithathu)
Ukutshaja kweNqanaba lesi-2 kufuna itshaja eludongeni ezinikeleyo enecingo layo elizinikeleyo elibuyela kumtya wakho wamandla.
Iitshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 zibiza i-$900 ukuya kwi-$2500 kwi-hardware kwaye malunga ne-$500 ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-$1000 yokufakela. Eli xabiso likwathatha intambo yakho yamandla kunye neengcingo ezinkulu zingakwazi ukuthwala umthwalo ongaphezulu.
Itshaja yenqanaba elinye le-7 kW Level 2 inokongeza malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-40 ngeyure yoluhlu.
Inyani ye-Nerd: Ngelixa i-3-phase, level-2 tshaja zinokukhupha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-22 kW, iimoto ezininzi azikwazi ukuguqula amandla e-AC ngokukhawuleza.Jonga i-specs yemoto yakho ukuze ubone ubuninzi bexabiso lentlawulo ye-AC.
Le tshaja iphelele kwi-DC kwaye ikhupha i-50 kW ukuya kuma-350 kW. Ibiza ngaphezulu kwe-100,000 yeedola ukuyifakela kwaye ifuna umthombo wamandla omkhulu, ngoko ke akunakufane ube nayo ifakwe kwikhaya lakho.
Inethiwekhi ye-Supercharger yeTesla ngowona mzekelo udumileyo weshaja yeNqanaba 3. Eyona ixhaphakileyo "i-V2" i-supercharger inomthamo omkhulu we-120 kW kunye nohambo lokuhamba ngeekhilomitha ezili-180 ngemizuzu eyi-15.
Inethiwekhi yeTesla yezikhululo ze-Supercharger ibanika inzuzo yokukhuphisana nabanye abavelisi be-EV ngenxa yendawo yabo kwiindlela zokuhamba ezithandwayo, ukuthembeka / ixesha lokuphumla, kunye nomthamo omkhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iishaja zeNqanaba le-3.
Nangona kunjalo, njengoko izithuthi zombane zixhaphake kakhulu, ezinye iinethiwekhi ezikhuphisanayo kulindeleke ukuba zivele kwilizwe lonke kwaye ziphucule ukuthembeka kwazo.
Inyani yeTesla Nerd: I-Australia ebomvu nemhlophe “V2″ Tesla Superchargers yiDC etshaja ngokukhawuleza, ngokuqhelekileyo itshaja nge-40-100 kW, kuxhomekeke ekubeni zingaphi ezinye iimoto ezizisebenzisayo ngaxeshanye.Idlanzana leetshaja eziphuculweyo ze-'V3′ e-Australia zinokubiza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-250 kW.
Icebiso lobuchule: Lumkela iitshaja ze-AC ezicothayo kwiihambo zendlela.Ezinye iitshaja ezisecaleni kwendlela ziintlobo ezicothayo ze-AC ezinokutshaja kuphela ukusuka kwi-3 ukuya kwi-22 kW.Ezi zinokunyusa kancinane xa upaka, kodwa azikhawulezi ngokwaneleyo ukuba zitshaje xa uhamba.
Zonke iimoto zombane ezithengiswa eOstreliya ukusuka nge-1 kaJanuwari 2020 zixhotyiswe ngesokethi yokutshaja ye-AC ebizwa ngokuba 'luHlobo lwesi-2' (okanye ngamanye amaxesha 'iMennekes').
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-02-2022
