Ziziphi iintlobo zeebhetri zemoto yombane ezikhoyo?

Iibhetri zeemoto zombane zezona zinto zibiza kakhulu kwimoto yombane.

Ixabiso layo eliphezulu lithetha ukuba iimoto zombane zibiza kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo zepetroli, nto leyo enciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweemoto ze-EV ezininzi.

I-lithium-ion
Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zezona zidumileyo. Ngaphandle kokungena kwiinkcukacha ezininzi, ziyakhupha kwaye zitshaje njengoko i-electrolyte ithwala ii-ion zeLithium ezitshajelwe kakuhle ukusuka kwi-anode ukuya kwi-cathode, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-cathode zingahluka phakathi kweebhetri zeLithium-ion.

I-LFP, i-NMC, kunye ne-NCA zii-sub-chemistries ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri zeLithium-ion. I-LFP isebenzisa iLithium-phosphate njengezinto ze-cathode; i-NMC isebenzisa iLithium, iManganese, kunye neCobalt; kwaye i-NCA isebenzisa iNickel, iCobalt kunye neAluminiyam.

Iingenelo zeebhetri zeLithium-ion:
● Iibhetri ze-NMC neze-NCA zibiza kancinci ukuvelisa.
● Ubomi obude – inika imijikelo yokutshaja/yokukhupha yonke into eyi-2,500-3,000 xa kuthelekiswa ne-1,000 yeebhetri ze-NMC.
● Yenza ubushushu obuncinci xa utshaja ukuze ikwazi ukugcina amandla aphezulu ixesha elide kwi-charging curve, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutshajeni ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle komonakalo webhetri.
● Ingatshajwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100% ngaphandle komonakalo omncinci webhetri njengoko inceda ekulinganiseni ibhetri kwaye inike uqikelelo oluchanekileyo loluhlu - Abanini beModeli 3 abanebhetri ye-LFP bayacetyiswa ukuba bagcine umda wokutshaja umiselwe kwi-100%.

Kunyaka ophelileyo, iTesla inike abathengi bayo beModel 3 eMelika ukhetho phakathi kwebhetri ye-NCA okanye ye-LFP. Ibhetri ye-NCA yayilula nge-117kg kwaye yayinomgama ongaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezili-10, kodwa yayinexesha elide kakhulu lokuqhuba. Nangona kunjalo, iTesla ikwacebisa ukuba uhlobo lwebhetri ye-NCA lutshajwe kuphela kwi-90% yamandla ayo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba uceba ukusebenzisa uluhlu olupheleleyo rhoqo, i-LFP isenokuba lolona khetho lungcono.

I-hydride yesinyithi se-nickel
Iibhetri ze-hydride ze-nickel-metal (ezifinyeziweyo zibe yi-NiMH) zezona zikhetho zokwenyani endaweni yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion ezikhoyo ngoku kwimarike, nangona zihlala zifumaneka kwiimoto zombane ezixutyiweyo (ikakhulu iToyota) ngokungafaniyo neemoto zombane ezicocekileyo.

Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba uxinano lwamandla eebhetri zeNiMH luphantsi nge-40% kuneebhetri zelithium-ion.